In animal cells, the endoplasmic reticulum may participate in programmed cell death by sensing and transducing apoptotic signals. In an attempt to analyze the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in plant programmed cell death we investigated the effect of cyclopiazonic acid, a specific blocker of plant endoplasmic reticulum-type IIA Ca2+-pumps, in soybean cells. Cyclopiazonic acid treatment elici...

programmed cell death, which can be classified into apoptosis, autophagy, and oncosis, based on the cellular signalling pathways involved in the process, plays a critical role in cellular house-keeping. aberrant cell death regulation leads to body malformations, as well as to numerous diseases. here, we describe the effects of cytototoxins isolated from marine organisms on the various programme...

The physiological relationship between autophagy and programmed cell death during C. elegans development is poorly understood. In C. elegans, 131 somatic cells and a large number of germline cells undergo programmed cell death. Autophagy genes function in the removal of somatic cell corpses during embryogenesis. Here we demonstrated that autophagy activity participates in germ-cell death induce...

Giardia lamblia is a microaerophilic human gastrointestinal parasite and considered as an early-diverged eukaryote. In vitro oxidative stress generation plays a significant role in cell cycle progression and cell death of this parasite. In the present study hydrogen peroxide, metronidazole, and a modified growth medium without cysteine and ascorbic acid have been chosen as oxidative stress-indu...

Loss-of-function mutations in the gene ced-8 lead to the late appearance of cell corpses during embryonic development in C. elegans. ced-8 functions downstream of or in parallel to-the regulatory cell death gene ced-9 and may function as a cell death effector downstream of the caspase encoded by the programmed cell death killer gene ced-3. In ced-8 mutants, embryonic programmed cell death proba...

BACKGROUND Quercetin has been shown to induce apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines, but a quercetin-loaded nanoliposomal formulation with enhanced antitumor activity in C6 glioma cells and its effect on cancer cell death has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to examine if quercetin-loaded liposomes (QUE-NL) has enhanced cytotoxic effects and if such effects involve type III...

wheat is one of the most important crops in the world that is constantly faced with the different biotic and abiotic stresses. programmed cell death is one of the methods for coping with different stress which is stimulated by several factors. because salicylic acid is involved in resistance to various stresses, to explore the effects of salicylic acid on programmed cell death, the effects of s...

BACKGROUND Vertebrate genomes undergo epigenetic reprogramming during development and disease. Emerging evidence suggests that DNA methylation plays a key role in cell fate determination in the retina. Despite extensive studies of the programmed cell death that occurs during retinal development and degeneration, little is known about how DNA methylation might regulate neuronal cell death in the...

background: silymarin is a flavonolignan that has been the subject of research to evaluate the beneficial properties for decades. silymarin has been known for its potent cytoprotective, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. the goal of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of possible molecular mechanisms of apoptosis of the injuries induced by silymarin on balb/c mice fet...