The process of domestication has led to dramatic morphological and physiological changes in crop species due to adaptation to cultivation and to the needs of farmers. To investigate the phenotypic architecture of shoot- and root-related traits and quantify the impact of primary and secondary domestication, we examined a collection of 36 wheat genotypes under optimal and nitrogen-starvation cond...

Cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic human fungal pathogen infecting immunocompromised patients and commonly causes life-threatening cryptococcal meningitis. Previous studies have shown that the VPS41 gene plays an essential role in the starvation response, macrophage survival and pathogenicity of C. neoformans. Here we present evidence that expression of an acetyltransferase e...

UNLABELLED The TOR (target of rapamycin [sirolimus]) is a universally conserved kinase that couples nutrient availability to cell growth. TOR complex 1 (TORC1) in Schizosaccharomyces pombe positively regulates growth in response to nitrogen availability while suppressing cellular responses to nitrogen stress. Here we report the identification of the GATA transcription factor Gaf1 as a positive ...

Although the circadian liver clock is entrained by the feeding cycle, factors such as food volume and starvation interval are poorly understood. Per2::Luc knock-in mice were given two meals per day with different food volume sizes and/or with different intervals of starvation between two mealtimes with the total food volume per day fixed at 3.6 g (80 food pellets, ∼75% of free feeding) per mous...

Autophagy is the major cellular pathway for bulk degradation of cytosolic material and is required to maintain viability under starvation conditions. To determine the contribution of autophagy to starvation stress responses in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, we disrupted the A. fumigatus atg1 gene, encoding a serine/threonine kinase required for autophagy. The DeltaAfatg1 mutant s...

Nitrogen starvation has been shown to increase the cytosolic arginine concentration and to accelerate protein turnover in mycelia of Neurospora crassa. The cytosolic arginine is derived from a metabolically inactive vacuolar pool. Redistribution of arginine between cytosolic and vacuolar compartments is the result of mobilization of this metabolite in response to nitrogen starvation. Mobilizati...

abstract lowland rice (oryza sativa l.) in south asia is under stress, as nitrogen removals by crops are higher than their replenishment through fertilizers. limited information is available on optimizing nitrogen dose in lowland rice to turn out higher yield. the present investigation aimed to optimize nitrogen fertilization and it’s response to the growth and yield of lowland rice. we evaluat...

Progress in the characterization of meio-sis requires the development of tools that improve synchrony, thus facilitating biochemical and cytological analysis. in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, meiosis occurs under starvation conditions in diploid cells (azygotic meiosis) or in zygotes formed after conjugation between haploids of opposite mating type (zygotic meiosis). A key step i...

In fission yeast, three distinct eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) kinases (Hri1, Hri2 and Gcn2), regulate protein synthesis in response to various environmental stresses. Thus, Gcn2 is activated early after exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), whereas Hri2 is the primary activated eIF2α kinase in response to heat shock. The function of Hri1 is still not...