SIR, -The comments of Drs Colombel, Janin, and Torpier are of interest. We agree that the immune processes which may contribute to the mucosal lesion of coeliac disease may be multifactorial. The eosinophil is a major component of the inflammatory infiltrate in coeliac disease, although this is frequently not emphasised in descriptions of the lesion. We have recently produced additional evidenc...

The quasiparticle energy spectrum of an isolated vortex in a clean layered d-wave superconductor is calculated. The Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations are solved perturbatively, within the model of step-variation of the gap function, adjusting the Caroli, de Gennes and Matricon approach for low-lying excitations in cuprates. A large peak in the density of states in a ”pancake” vortex is found, as a...

Using an optical vortex coronagraph and simple adaptive optics techniques, we have made the first convincing demonstration of an optical vortex coronagraph that is coupled to a star gazing telescope. We suppressed by 97% the primary star of a resolvable binary system, Cor Caroli. The stars had an angular separation of 1.9lambda/D at our imaging camera. The secondary star suffered no suppression...

A new species of the genus Lathriopyga Caroli, from the Republic of Moldova is described and figured. It differs from its closest relative, Lathriopyga bulgarica Smolis, Skarżyński & Pomorski, by the presence of 3+3 chaetae Di on Abd. V, Di1 as a long macrochaeta, Di2, Di3 as short macrochaetae, presence of three chaetae Oc on head and the form of mandible (with 6–7 denticles appearing as a fri...

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of cholangiocarcinoma is problematic. Cross sectional imaging and tumor marker CA 19-9 are not absolutely reliable and tissue sampling is difficult. We present a patient with cholangitis and cystic dilation of intra-hepatic bile ducts that primarily diagnosed as Caroli's disease in imaging and needle biopsy but laparotomy and surgical biopsy revealed ch...