We show that, assuming GCH, if κ is a Ramsey or a strongly Ramsey cardinal and F is a class function on the regular cardinals having a closure point at κ and obeying the constraints of Easton’s theorem, namely, F (α) ≤ F (β) for α ≤ β and α < cf(F (α)), then there is a cofinality preserving forcing extension in which κ remains Ramsey or strongly Ramsey respectively and 2δ = F (δ) for every regu...

determination of cardinal temperatures during seed germination and emergence as well as the thermal time requirement for each stage is essential in crop management and modeling of plant growth and development. two experiments were conducted to predict cardinal temperatures and thermal time requirement for germination and emergence of chickpea genotypes. in the first experiment, seed germination...

Laurence-Moon-Bardet -Biedl syndrome is a rare congenital disorder, inherited in the autosomal recessive mode. The syndrome is characterized by five cardinal features, namely obesity (83% of cases), mental retardation (80%), polydactyly (75%), retinitis pigmentosa (68%) and hypogeni tali sm (60%).1 Renal invo lvement wi th progressive deterioration in renal function was recognized as a major ca...

Proteins possessing the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) motif have been implicated in pathways leading to activation of caspases or NF-kappaB in the context of apoptosis or inflammation, respectively. Here we report the identification of a novel protein, CARDINAL, that contains a CARD motif and also exhibits a high degree of homology to the C terminus of DEFCAP/NAC, a recently described membe...

We prove that if μ is a regular cardinal and P is a μ-centered forcing poset, then P forces that (I[μ++])V generates I[μ++] modulo clubs. Using this result, we construct models in which the approachability property fails at the successor of a singular cardinal. We also construct models in which the properties of being internally club and internally approachable are distinct for sets of size the...

The lottery preparation, a new general kind of Laver preparation, works uniformly with supercompact cardinals, strongly compact cardinals, strong cardinals, measurable cardinals, or what have you. And like the Laver preparation, the lottery preparation makes these cardinals indestructible by various kinds of further forcing. A supercompact cardinal κ, for example, becomes fully indestructible b...

The lottery preparation, a new general kind of Laver preparation, works uniformly with supercompact cardinals, strongly compact cardinals, strong cardinals, measurable cardinals, or what have you. And like the Laver preparation, the lottery preparation makes these cardinals indestructible by various kinds of further forcing. A supercompact cardinal κ, for example, becomes fully indestructible b...

We survey old and recent results on the problem of finding a complete set of rules describing the behavior of the power function, i.e. the function which takes a cardinal κ to the cardinality of its power 2κ.