Abstract Ideal carbon tax policy is internationally coordinated, fully internalizes externalities, redistributes revenues to those harmed, and politically acceptable, generating predictable market signals. Since nonideal circumstances rarely allow all these conditions be met, moral issues arise. This paper surveys some of the work in philosophy responding several issues. First, it discusses dri...

The current pricing mechanism for carbon in the EU, the EU emissions trading system, only covers 40 percent of emissions. Carbon taxation currently plays no role. The Commission has recently proposed to revise the energy tax system in the EU to include a carbon tax component. This paper evaluates the Commission proposal and considers the possible expansion of the EU carbon pricing base either b...

In order to solve the optimization problem of logistics distribution system for fresh food, this paper provides a low-carbon and environmental protection point of view, based on the characteristics of perishable products, and combines with the overall optimization idea of cold chain logistics distribution network, where the green and low-carbon location-routing problem (LRP) model in cold chain...

generators’ risks Richard Green Institute for Energy Research and Policy University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT Tel: +44 121 415 8216 Email: [email protected] October 2007 Abstract Volatile fuel prices affect both the cost and price of electricity in a liberalized market. Generators with the price-setting technology will face less risk to their profit margins than those with costs that...

Supermarket chains handle frequent deliveries of fresh food to the stores, which have led to the nonignorable high transportation cost. Then a question arises that is it possible to reduce cost by establishing more refrigerated distribution centers (DC)? To answer this question, on basis of data from a large supermarket chain in China, we analyze the decision making process to construct new sub...

Despite widespread agreement that a carbon tax would be more efficient, many countries use fuel economy standards to reduce transportation-related carbon dioxide emissions. We pair a simple model of the automakers’ profit maximization problem with unusually-rich nationally representative data on vehicle registrations to estimate the distributional impact of U.S. fuel economy standards. The key ...

We present a family of simple globally aggregated and regionalized actor-based systemdynamics Integrated Assessment models (IAMs). We first develop a global IAM in which both fossil-fuel-based capital and renewable-energy-based capital determine the production function. A business-as-usual scenario (no mitigation policy) is compared with various mitigation scenarios based on different global ca...