BACKGROUND Current biomass pretreatment by hydrothermal treatment (including acid hydrolysis, steam explosion, and high-temperature steaming) and ionic liquids generally generate inhibitors to the following fermentation process. Furfural is one of the typical inhibitors generated in hydrothermal treatment of biomass. Furfural could inhibit cell growth rate and decrease biofuel productivity of m...

Chitin is a polysaccharide component of the inner cell wall fungi that has been used to estimate fungal invasion in plant products. However, its detection major pathogenic species not investigated. The present study aimed determine chitin contents order evaluate diagnostic potential as biomarker for infections. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was measure content. Pure acid hydroly...

Background and Purpose: Hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1) is an important adhesin which usually is expressed on the germ tube and hyphal surface produced by different Candida species. The hyphal wall protein-coding gene (HWP1) was evaluated as a novel identification and phylogenetic marker in Candida tropicalis, C. orthopsilosis, C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata. Materials and Methods: Initially, fo...

We assessed fluconazole susceptibility in 52 Candida tropicalis clinical strains using seven antifungal susceptibility methods, including broth microdilution (BMD) [standard M27 A3 (with neutral and acid pH), ATB Fungus 3, Vitek 2 system and flow cytometric analysis] and agar-based methods (disk diffusion and E-test). Trailing growth, detection of cell-associated secreted aspartic proteases (Sa...

CHROMagar Candida is a selective and differential chromogenic medium that has been shown to be useful for identification of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and perhaps Candida glabrata. Colony morphology and color have been well defined when CHROMagar Candida has been used to isolate yeast directly from clinical specimens, including stool, urine, respiratory, vaginal, orop...

Six Candida spp. that were previously characterized for cutaneous pathogenicity were assessed for Candida acid proteinase (CAP) production in albumin-supplemented, nitrogen-restricted media. C. albicans CAP production was compared in media supplemented with albumin, casein, collagen, hemoglobin, or keratin and in TC medium 199. C. albicans, C. stellatoidea, and C. tropicalis, which are cutaneou...

Candida arthritis in patients with a haematological malignancy is rare. We report a case of Candida tropicalis arthritis of the knee that occurred in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia during the recovery phase of post-chemotherapy neutropenia. Although the Candida tropicalis isolates from synovial fluid and synovial tissue were sensitive to fluconazole in vitro, a 6-week course of or...

The conventional methods used to evaluate chitin content in fungi, such as biochemical assessment of glucosamine release after acid hydrolysis or epifluorescence microscopy, are low throughput, laborious, time-consuming, and cannot evaluate a large number of cells. We developed a flow cytometric assay, efficient, and fast, based on Calcofluor White staining to measure chitin content in yeast ce...

Whole-cell proteins from isolates of five Candida species (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis and Candida guilliermondii) were separated by SDS-PAGE and the profiles obtained were converted into a binary data matrix that produced a cophenetic correlation phenogram. The analysis of the phenogram allowed detection of the cophenetic correlation levels existi...

Candida tropicalis infection is strongly associated with the presence of biofilms in urinary catheters. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the behaviour of C. tropicalis in biofilms of different ages (24-120 h) formed in artificial urine (AU) and their effect in human urinary bladder cells (TCC-SUP). Reference strain ATCC 750 and two isolates from patients with candiduria (U69 and U75) wer...