Objective To investigate estimation of calorie (energy) content of meals from fast food restaurants in adults, adolescents, and school age children. Design Cross sectional study of repeated visits to fast food restaurant chains. Setting 89 fast food restaurants in four cities in New England, United States: McDonald’s, Burger King, Subway, Wendy’s, KFC, Dunkin’ Donuts. Participants 1877 adults a...

We surveyed 7318 customers from 275 randomly selected restaurants of 11 fast food chains. Participants purchased a mean of 827 calories, with 34% purchasing 1000 calories or more. Unlike other chains, Subway posted calorie information at point of purchase and its patrons more often reported seeing calorie information than patrons of other chains (32% vs 4%; P<.001); Subway patrons who saw calor...

Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase required for longevity due to calorie restriction in yeast and Drosophila. In mammals, calorie restriction induces a complex pattern of physiological and behavioral changes. Here we report that the mammalian Sir2 ortholog, Sirt1, is required for the induction of a phenotype by calorie restriction ...

A nutritious diet low in calories improves the health and extends the life span of rodents. Recent studies identified a gene, SIR2, which encodes an NAD-dependent deacetylase and may mediate the effects of calorie restriction. In this review, we discuss SIR2 genes and calorie restriction in the lower organisms yeast and Drosophila. We then describe the physiological changes in mammals during ca...

Obesity treatment requires obese patients to record all food intakes per day. Computer vision has been introduced to estimate calories from food images. In order to increase accuracy of detection and reduce the error of volume estimation in food calorie estimation, we present our calorie estimation method in this paper. To estimate calorie of food, a top view and side view is needed. Faster R-C...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com affects mobility, contributor to a range of non-communicable diseases, personal suffering, and burden to health care systems. At present, there are no signs that global overweight and obesity rates are declining adding millions of more every year to suffer from uncontrolled body weight conditions. Conventional thinking of weight management is solely...

There is wide variation in how patients respond to therapeutics. Factors that contribute to pharmacokinetic variations include disease, genetics, drugs, age, and diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of calorie restriction on the expression of Abcb1a in the intestine and whether calorie restriction can alter the absorption of an Abcb1a substrate (i.e., digoxin) in mice. Te...

OBJECTIVE Increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has contributed to rising obesity levels. Under Canadian law, calories for pre-packaged foods and beverages are presented by serving size; however, serving sizes differ across products and even for the same product in different containers. This study examined consumer understanding of calorie amounts for government nutrition labels an...

Dietary restriction (DR) extends life span in diverse organisms, including mammals, and common mechanisms may be at work. DR is often known as calorie restriction, because it has been suggested that reduction of calories, rather than of particular nutrients in the diet, mediates extension of life span in rodents. We here demonstrate that extension of life span by DR in Drosophila is not attribu...

Computer vision has been introduced to estimate calories from food images. But current food image datasets dont contain volume and mass records of foods, which leads to an incomplete calorie estimation. In this paper, we present a novel food image dataset with volume and mass records of foods, and a deep learning method for food detection, to make a complete calorie estimation. Our dataset incl...