In fission yeast, the RNAi pathway is required for centromeric heterochromatin assembly. siRNAs derived from centromeric transcripts are incorporated into the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) complex and direct it to nascent homologous transcripts. The RNA-induced transcriptional silencing-bound nascent transcripts further recruit the RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex (RDRC) to pr...

the main purpose of this paper is theoretically to design the optimal intervention in the foreign exchange market in iran, which has not been investigated by previous studies. the economic fundamentals are strongly affected by the optimal foreign exchange intervention, the consistency of foreign exchange intervention with other policies and political authorities' beliefs about the interven...

Bricks produced from traditional techniques and agricultural clay contribute considerably to the air pollutions in world. Therefore, an urgent need start using environment-friendly alternative material/approach save fertile topsoil conserve a clean environment. This research is aimed produce non-fired bricks incorporating industrial solid waste steel power plants, including Fly ash Ladle Furnac...

Hepatic stimulator substance (HSS) protects liver cells from various toxins by alleviating lesions caused in the mitochondria. This paper demonstrates the necessity of the conserved CXXC catalytic motif (C62-C65) for the mitochondria-targeted anti-apoptotic activity of HSS. Mutating the conserved CXXC motif eliminated the protective effects against H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis and diminished the ...

In this paper I study the possibility of full surplus extraction on arbitrary type spaces, with three main results: (i) I characterize full surplus extraction, (ii) I characterize full surplus extraction assuming that the surplus-extracting allocation is implementable, and (iii) I show that virtually full surplus extraction implies full surplus extraction. The characterizing condition in (ii) a...

In both estimation and calibration studies, the notion of ergodicity plays a fundamental role, permitting time series averages to be regarded as approximations to population means. As it turns out, many economic models routinely used for quantitative modeling do not satisfy the classical ergodicity conditions. In this paper we develop a new set of ergodicity conditions orientated towards econom...

This paper solves merger formation problem in Cournot oligopolies by a cooperative and computational approach. In three-firm linear oligopolies, monopoly will be formed (or be stable) if its merging cost is sufficiently low and cost differentials are sufficiently large. When monopoly is unprofitable due to high merging costs, a profitable two-member merger will be formed if its efficient member...

In a model of incomplete, heterogeneous information, with externalities and strategic interactions, we analyze the possibility of adaptive learning to act as coordination device. We build on the framework introduced by Angeletos and Pavan (2007) and extend it to a dynamic setting where agents need to learn to coordinate. We analyze conditions under which learning obtains, and show that adaptive...

Topological effects produce chaos in multiagent simulation and distributed computation. We explain this result by developing three themes concerning complex systems in the natural and social sciences: (i) Pragmatically, a system is complex when it is represented efficiently by different models at different scales. (ii) Nontrivial topology, identifiable as we scale towards the global, induces co...

We consider one-to-one matching (roommate) problems in which agents (students) can either be matched as pairs or remain single. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we review a key result for roommate problems (the “lonely wolf” theorem) for which we provide a concise and elementary proof. Second, and related to the title of this paper, we show how the often incompatible concepts of stabili...