abstract a basic aim of low energy architecture is to create a thermally comfortable internal environment for building occupants whilst consuming the least possible amount of energy. in desert countries this aim is more difficult to achieve since high ambient air temperatures create a barrier to comfort. traditional building types of these countries, such as courtyard building, have evolved to ...

The paper aims to extract the dynamic properties of existing structures without utilizing the analytical models. The ambient vibration testing could be used on any type of frame such as concrete, steel and masonry to investigate the structural vulnerability. The method could be the first stage and necessarily for the retrofit process. To achieve this aim, the ambient vibration testing can...

Undoubtly it can be said that climate and how weather conditions effect on building shape including limited architecture elements which has been noticed at the beginning of making shelter by human beings and the principle of this need has not been changed by passing time and changing the styles and movements and definitions of art and beauty and changing needs and attitudes and expanding archit...

Undoubtly it can be said that climate and how weather conditions effect on building shape including limited architecture elements which has been noticed at the beginning of making shelter by human beings and the principle of this need has not been changed by passing time and changing the styles and movements and definitions of art and beauty and changing needs and attitudes and expanding archit...

in this paper a simple model of a three story building with inclined first-story columns has presented. the stories are supposed to be rigid and are connected to axially rigid mass less columns by elasto-plastic rotational springs and linear rotational dampers. the considered model is subjected to horizontal component of fault normal pulse with different magnitudes and the governed nonlinear di...

Nonlinear growth of one-dimensional density structures with a frozen-in magnetic field is investigated in Newtonian cosmology. A mechanism of magnetic field amplification is discussed. We discuss the relation between the initial conditions for the velocity field and the basic time-scales determining the growth of the magnetized structure.

One of the paramount problems manifest in modern cosmological theories is that of the initial singularity. Gasperini and Veneziano have proposed the pre-big-bang (PBB) model [2] based on the assumption that the Universe evolved out of a ten-dimensional Minkowski spacetime which is an exact vacuum of string theory, in hopes of resolving the singularity problem. Recently, Brandenberger, Easther a...