Abstract The selection of envelope construction technique has the highest impact on sustaining indoor thermal comfort while reducing energy consumed for heating and cooling. Numerous insulation codes are implemented worldwide to improve building modification. Each country set transmittances criteria, materials, techniques simulation tools differently based its climate zones sector adaptability....

Building energy codes are one of the most cost-effective tools to achieve energy efficiency in buildings. The key to realizing their full benefits is strong enforcement and compliance. Studies have shown that robust enforcement and a high compliance rate are critical to improve the energy performance of buildings and unlock deeper energy savings. However, few countries have mechanisms for measu...

This paper presents the model of source code generator based on dynamic frames. The model is named as the SCT model because if its three basic components: Specification (S), which describes the application characteristics, Configuration (C), which describes the rules for building applications, and Templates (T), which refer to application building blocks. The process of code generation dynamica...

To investigate the fundamental causes of bloat, six artificial random binary tree search spaces are presented. Fitness is given by program syntax (the genetic programming genotype). GP populations are evolved on both random problems and problems with “building blocks”. These are compared to problems with explicit ineffective code (introns, junk code, inviable code). Our results suggest the entr...

Urban planning is a valuable tool for growth control and city development, both to maintain the local urban identity provide life quality inhabitants. To regulate it, governments have defined standards proper city’s through municipal detailed plans. Such instruments identify set of rules which constructions buildings must fulfil careful smooth integration within areas. New projects are required...