The equivalent force control (EFC) method replaces numerical iteration with a feedback control strategy to solve the nonlinear equations of motion in pseudodynamic and real-time substructure tests (RST) using an implicit integration method. The EFC method and its further development with an energy conserving integration method are presented in this paper. The effectiveness and accuracy of the E...

An innovative lateral force resisting system is investigated that allows steel braced frames to uplift and rock on their foundation, partially isolating the frame. Passive energy dissipation devices are implemented at the uplifting location to control the rocking response to within allowable limits. The structure’s gravitational forces provide an inherent restoring force during the rocking resp...

An efficient beam element, the modified elastofiber MEF element, has been developed to capture the overall features of the elastic and inelastic responses of slender columns and braces under axial cyclic loading without unduly heavy discretization. It consists of three fiber segments, two at the member ends and one at midspan, with two elastic segments sandwiched in between. The segments are de...

Reinforced concrete (RC) frames are commonly built together with shear walls. In high seismicity regions, constructing walls along the frame’s height is proven ineffective. Thus, in numerous studies, using at a certain beneficial, and this kind of structure popularly known as curtailed However, area above could suffer significant deformation under seismic load upgrading performance those upper ...

Background: The special concentrically braced frame (SCBF) is an aseismic structure, but its bracing system exhibits brittle failure and premature buckling connected with the weld fracture of gusset plate post-buckling braces; thus, maximizing role energy dissipation difficult. Methods: Here, this paper proposes a single-story frames ductile casting steel connectors. large inelastic deformation...

An efficient beam element, the modified elastofiber (MEF) element, has been developed to capture the overall features of the elastic and inelastic response of slender columns and braces under axial cyclic loading without unduly heavy discretization. It consists of three fiber segments, two at the member ends and one at mid-span, with two elastic segments sandwiched in between. The segments are ...