Numerical and experimental results show that during the collapse phase of a vapor bubble near a rigid boundary, in the absence of strong buoyancy forces, a liquid micro jet is developed on the side of the bubble far from the rigid surface and directed towards it. Numerical and experimental results also show that, in the case of a bubble near a free surface, during the collapse phase of the bubb...

The growth of a vapour bubble in a superheated liquid of variable surface tension and viscosity between two finite boundaries is introduced. The problem is solved analytically using the modified method of Plesset and Zwick method. The pressure difference is described in terms of temperature difference and initial pressure difference. The surface tension, viscosity, and initial and final time of...

In response to exercise performed before or after altitude decompression, physiological changes are suspected to affect the formation and growth of decompression bubbles. We hypothesized that the work to change the size of a bubble is done by gas pressure gradients in a macro- and microsystem of thermodynamic forces and that the number of bubbles formed through time follows a Poisson process. W...

We revisit classical nucleation theory (CNT) for the homogeneous bubble nucleation rate and improve the classical formula using a correct prefactor in the nucleation rate. Most of the previous theoretical studies have used the constant prefactor determined by the bubble growth due to the evaporation process from the bubble surface. However, the growth of bubbles is also regulated by the thermal...

An understanding of bubble flows is important in the design of process equipment, particularly in the chemical and power industries. In vapour-liquid processes the mass and heat transfer between the phases is dominated by the liquid-vapour interface and is determined by the number, size and shape of the bubbles. For bubble flows these characteristics are often controlled by the generation mecha...

Understanding how gasses escape from particle-rich suspensions has important applications in nature and industry. Motivated by applications such as outgassing of crystal-rich magmas, we map gas migration patterns in experiments where we vary (1) particle fractions and liquid viscosity (10–500 Pa s), (2) container shape (horizontal parallel plates and upright cylinders), and (3) methods of bubbl...

4H-SiC was irradiated with 3.5 keV He ions using the MIAMI facility at University of Huddersfield. The evolution of microstructure and gas bubbles during the irradiation at 700°C, 800°C and 900°C was observed by in situ transmission electron microscopy. Under irradiation, isolated bubbles and bubble discs formed in the SiC matrix. Bubble discs lying on {0001} and {10-10} crystal planes were beg...

We consider three-dimensional clusters of equal-volume bubbles packed around a central bubble and calculate their energy and optimal shape. We obtain the surface area and bubble pressures to improve on existing growth laws for three-dimensional bubble clusters. We discuss the possible number of bubbles that can be packed around a central one: the “kissing problem”, here adapted to deformable ob...

The deposition of ultrasonic energy in tissue can cause tissue damage due to local heating. For pressures above a critical threshold, cavitation will occur, inducing a much larger thermal energy deposition in a local region. The present work develops a nonlinear bubble dynamics model to numerically investigate bubble oscillations and bubble-enhanced heating during focused ultrasound (HIFU) inso...