It will help understand the representation legality of soil temperature to explore the correlations of soil respiration with variant properties of soil temperature. Soil temperature at 10 cm depth was hourly logged through twelve months. Basing on the measured soil temperature, soil respiration at different temporal scales were calculated using empirical functions for temperate forests. On mont...

Polynesian settlement of New Zealand (c. 1000 yr B.P.) led directly to the extinction or reduction of much of the vertebrate fauna, destruction of half of the lowland and montane forests, and widespread soil erosion. The climate and natural vegetation changed over the same time but had negligible effects on the fauna compared with the impact of settlement. The most severe modification occurred ...

A new semi-physical forest reflectance model, PARAS, is presented in the paper. PARAS is a simple parameterization model for taking into account the effect of within-shoot scattering on coniferous canopy reflectance. Multiple scattering at the small scale represented by a shoot is a conifer-specific characteristic which causes the spectral signature of coniferous forests to differ from that of ...

We report a new version and an empirical evaluation of forest reflectance model based on photon recollision probability (p). For the first time, p-based approach to modeling was tested in wide range differently structured forests from different biomes. To parameterize model, we measured canopy structure spectral characteristics for 50 plots four study sites spanning boreal temperate biomes Euro...

Phytocoenotic behaviour of 14 nemoral or boreal-nemoral vascular plant species is analyzed in the middle- and southern-taiga subzones comparison with that broadleaved-forest zone, based upon set 1669 relevés made European Russia 1996–2018. The are mainly represented by shadow mesoeutrophic plants from “corteges” Tilia cordata s. l. Fagus sylvatica. more light-demanding Quercus robur “cortege”, ...

Drought-sensitive European beech forests are increasingly challenged by climate change. Admixing other, preferably more deep-rooting, tree species has been proposed to increase the resilience of drought. This diversification might also affect soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks that relevant for a wide range functions ecosystem services, such as water nutrient retention, fi...

Understanding forest carbon budget and dynamics for sustainable resource management and ecosystem functions requires quantification of above- and below-ground biomass at individual tree species and stand levels. In this study, a total of 122 trees (9-12 per species) were destructively sampled to determine above- and below-ground biomass of 12 tree species (Acer mandshuricum, Acer mono, Betula p...