PURPOSE Milk output from the right and left breasts was compared in mothers who were pumping exclusively and had not yet fed their infants at breast. METHODS Thirty-five mothers of very low birthweight infants established lactation with a hospital grade, electric, dual pump, and recorded milk output separately for each breast during every pumping session from enrollment until completion of th...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the levels and antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPs) in breast milk consumed by preterm infants, and whether deficiencies of these factors were associated with late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS), a bacterial infection that frequently occurs in preterm infants in the neonatal period. STUDY DESIGN Breast milk from mothers of preterm infants...

Breast milk samples from 38 women in New Zealand were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) as part of a World Health Organization collaborative study of breast-milk contaminants. The women were recruited from two urban areas (Auckland and Christchurch) and two rural areas (N...

The feeding of 17 babies weighing less than 1500 g was examined retrospectively. 12 babies started breast feeding at a mean weight of 1324 g and 10 of them were fully breast fed by a mean weight of 1600 g. Their weight gains were comparable with bottle-fed babies receiving expressed breast milk. Practical aspects of breast feeding were considered to be: a knowledgeable maternal and nursing atti...

Anaesthetists require a good knowledge of the excretion of drugs in breast milk and the potential hazards to suckling infants of drug ingestion via breast milk. A brief account of the physiology of lactation is given. The mechanisms of drug passage into breast milk are discussed followed by a review of the excretion in breast milk of drugs used in anaesthetic practice. Suggestions for the manag...

INTRODUCTION Risk factors for breast milk transmission of HIV-1 from mother to child include high plasma and breast milk viral load, low maternal CD4 count and breast pathology such as mastitis. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of nevirapine and subclinical mastitis on HIV-1 RNA in maternal plasma and breast milk after intrapartum single-dose nevirapine combined with either 1-week tail of Co...

Breast milk samples from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-seropositive women were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to determine the prevalence and determinants of HIV-1-infected cells in breast milk. Breast milk samples (212) were collected from 107 women, and 58% of the samples had detectable HIV-1 DNA. The proportion of HIV-1-infected cells in the milk samples ranged from 1 to...

BACKGROUND Breastfeeding has been linked to a reduction in the prevalence of allergy and asthma. However, studies on this relationship vary in outcome, which may partly be related to differences in breast milk composition. In particular breast milk composition may differ between allergic and non-allergic mothers. Important components that may be involved are breast milk proteins, as these are k...

BACKGROUND When sufficient maternal breast milk is not available, the alternative sources of enteral nutrition for preterm or low birth weight infants are donor breast milk or artificial formula milk. Feeding preterm or low birth weight infants with formula milk might increase nutrient input and growth rates. However, since feeding with formula milk may be associated with a higher incidence of ...