The atomization of turbulent liquid jets and sheets can usually be divided into two subsequent processes: the primary breakup, where the jet or sheet initially breaks up into both large and small scale structures, followed by the secondary breakup, where these structures continue to break up into ever smaller drops, forming a spray. Considering numerical grid resolutions typical for Large Eddy ...

Systematic set of emulsification experiments is performed to elucidate the role of several factors, which control the process of drop breakup during emulsification in turbulent flow. As starting oil-water premixes we use emulsions containing monodisperse oil drops, which are generated by the method of membrane emulsification. By passing these premixes through a narrow-gap homogenizer working in...

The elongated droplets and grains can break up into smaller ones. This process is driven by the interfacial free energy minimization, which gives rise to a breakup limit. We demonstrated in this work that the breakup limit can be overpassed drastically by using electric current to interfere. Electric current free energy is dependent on the microstructure configuration. The breakup causes the el...

This article presents numerical simulation results for the deformation and breakup of bubbles in homogeneous turbulence under zero gravity conditions. The lattice Boltzmann method was used in the simulations. Homogeneous turbulence was generated by a random stirring force that acted on the fluid in a three-dimensional periodic box. The grid size was sufficiently small that the smallest scales o...

Aerodynamic breakup of drops as a form of secondary atomization has wide scientific and engineering applications. Previous experimental studies using point-wise and two-dimensional (2D) measurement techniques are unable to provide three-dimensional (3D) spatially-resolved information about the breakup without significant experimental repetition. Digital in-line holography (DIH) has unique acces...

Romantic relationship dissolution can be stressful, and social networking sites make it difficult to separate from a romantic partner online as well as offline. An online survey (N = 431) tested a model synthesizing attachment, investment model variables, and post-dissolution emotional distress as predictors of interpersonal surveillance (i.e., "Facebook stalking") of one's ex-partner on Facebo...

Scientific examinations of nontraditional data sets collected by naturalists, hobbyists, or indigenous peoples have been instrumental in linking changes in biological communities to recent climatic changes. Many phenological records in particular show close correlations between timing of biological events and climatic conditions (1). The timing of these biological events is likely to be related...

Atomization of liquid fuel controls combustion efficiency and pollutant emissions of internal combustion engines and gas turbines (Lefebvre 1998). The liquid jet in crossflow (LJCF) finds application in lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) ducts, afterburners for gas turbines, and combustors for ramjets and scramjets. This flow configuration, which consists of a turbulent liquid jet injected transv...

The theory of weakly bound cluster breakup, like halo nucleus breakup, needs an accurate treatment of the transitions from bound to continuum states induced by the nuclear and Coulomb potentials. When the transition probability is not very small, a non-perturbative framework might be necessary. Nuclear excitation dominates at small impact parameters whereas the Coulomb potential being long rang...

The mechanism of the Coulomb breakup reactions of the nuclei with neutronhalo structure is investigated in detail. A time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the halo neutron is numerically solved by treating the Coulomb field of a target as an external field. The momentum distribution and the postacceleration effect of the final fragments are discussed in a fully quantum mechanical way to clari...