Massive cerebral swelling with multifocal bleeding rarely occurs after a technically successful removal of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM). When manifested, this frightening complication is hardly manageable. The phenomenon, termed normal, perfusion pressure breakthrough by Spetzler and Wilson, is thought to be due to a rapid diversion of the blood flow from the AVM into the adjacent,...

BACKGROUND Progestogens are used clinically for contraception, to control excessive menstrual bleeding, and to prevent estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia. A significant problem with progestogen-only methods of contraception is the induction of breakthrough bleeding. METHODS The effects of different progestogens on angiogenesis were examined using two approaches. The mouse sponge angioge...

Strategies for preventing ischemic complications during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have focused on the platelet surface-membrane glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor. The platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors, by blocking the final common pathway of platelet aggregation, have become a breakthrough in the management of acute co...

BACKGROUND The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is an effective contraceptive and has many non-contraceptive health benefits. However, it is commonly associated with irregular endometrial bleeding. Metalloproteinases contribute to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and regulate bleeding during the menstrual cycle. Enhanced metalloproteinase expression participates in t...

Anticoagulation is central to the management of thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The standard anticoagulant treatment for APS life-long warfarin or an alternative vitamin K antagonist. role direct oral anticoagulants not established due lack definitive evidence and has recently been addressed in international guidance. Other options include low molecular weight heparin, unfractionate...

the aim of the present work is to prepare an adsorption package to simulate adsorption / desorption operation for both single and multi-component systems in an isothermal condition by different mechanisms such as; local adsorption theory and mass transfer resistance (rigorous and approximated methods). different mass transfer resistance mechanisms of pore, solid and bidispersed diffusion, toget...