In addition to the maturation of sperm, the epididymis also serves to protect sperm from harmful reactive oxygen species. To this end, various antioxidant enzymes are produced by the epididymis, such as glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a family of dimeric proteins that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to various electrophilic compounds, thus providing cellular detoxification. In the pr...

INTRODUCTION Methyl methacrylate (MMA), a widely used monomer in dentistry and medicine has been reported to cause abnormalities or lesions in several organs. Experimental and clinical studies have documented that monomers may cause a wide range of adverse health effects such as irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, allergic dermatitis, stomatitis, asthma, neuropathy, disturbances of ...

The mechanism of regeneration does not start to restore the wound until its corresponding epimorphic phase. A bioestimulation of tissues and cells by laser radiation depends on the wavelength, on the dose, and on the intensity of the light. The goal of this work was to verify the effect of the low power laser at 660 nm on the regenerative process of Girardia tigrina. The specimens were maintain...

In order to study of kidney tubules, twenty specimen of 45 days old juvenile grouper (Epinephelus coioides) were prepared after proper biometry. Five mm thick sections were removed from the middle and posterior end of the kidney and fixed in Bouin and glutaraldehyde. The routine procedures of preparation of tissues were followed for light and transmission electron microscopic study. In macrosco...

Background: In traditional medicine of some Asian countries it is believed that camphor could act as a sexual depressant. However, limited studies have been published on this issue. OBJECTIVES: In the current study, effects of camphor on testes, sperm and serum factors, and roles of vitamin E as antioxidant in treatment of toxicity of camphor for testes were studied. METHODS: Fifty adult male m...

Nineteenth century histologist Ranvier discovered the point of ossification and the calcification of cartilage as observed in embryos (Ranvier, 1875). By skillfully using simple methods such as hand-cutting with a razor, or with a lead-screw microtome of his own invention (still marketed as the Ranvier hand microtome), and chromic acid and carmine to stain, he observed the deposition of calcare...

An intriguing history surrounds the ‘metrial gland’. It is a term coined by Selye and McKeown (1935) to describe a pregnancy-specific modification of the mesometrial uterus juxtaposed to the developing chorioallantoic placenta of the rat. Selye and McKeown were justifiably fascinated with the prominent secretory granules present within cells of the structure and were aware of the earlier specul...