Recent advances in linguistics, in information theory, and in digital data-handling techniques promise to make possible the translation of languages by machine. This paper 1 proposes a system for translating languages by machine — with the hope that when such a system is worked out in detail, some of the language barriers can be overcome. It is hoped, too, that the translations will have an acc...

the polysemy and lexical similarity of the linguistic structures may lead to ambiguity in the speech and latency. but since a language needs to be away from this deficiency so as to be functional and useful, it needs to be cleansed from such meaning latencies based on the available indications. one indication that can be categorized among the verbal indications is the sentence intonation. by ch...

this study examined the phonetic characteristics of persian sentence stress produced by native mandarin chinese speakers. we compared the phonetic correlates of sentence stress, namely fundamental frequency (f0), vowel duration, and vowel intensity in the production of 8 mandarin chinese speakers and 8 native persian speakers. results indicated that mandarin chinese speakers of persian could di...

In this paper, a flexible annotation schema called Structured String-Tree Correspondence (SSTC) is introduced. We propose a variant of SSTC called synchronous SSTC. Synchronous SSTC can be used to describe the correspondence between different languages. We will also describe how synchronous SSTC provides the flexibility to treat some of the non-standard cases, which are problematic to other syn...