In cerebellum-like circuits, synapses from thousands of granule cells converge onto principal cells. This fact, combined with theoretical considerations, has led to the concept that granule cells encode afferent input as a population and that spiking in individual granule cells is relatively unimportant. However, granule cells also provide excitatory input to Golgi cells, each of which provide ...

Skin morphology of the Clawn miniature pig (CMP) was investigated at the axilla, medial thigh, back and loin. The mean thickness of the epidermis (excluding the corneal layer), the mean number of layers of keratinocytes comprising the epidermis and the mean height of keratinocytes were assessed morphometrically. When observed under a light microscope, the skin of the CMP resembled human skin. M...

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm. It is well-known the association of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis with Hodgkin's disease but only few cases of histiocytic sarcoma associated with Hodgkin's disease was reported. We present the case of 20-years-old female patient with Hodgkin's disease with a sternal tumor mass which was diagnosed as histiocytic sarcoma. The diagnostic was esta...

the aerobic granular systems represent a good alternative to substitute the conventional activatedsludge process in the treatment of industrial effluents due to the lower surface requirements. in this work the effluent from a seafood industry, characterized by a high variability and the presence of residual amounts of coagulant and flocculant reagents, was used to study the development of aerob...

the aerobic granular systems represent a good alternative to substitute the conventional activatedsludge process in the treatment of industrial effluents due to the lower surface requirements. in this work the effluent from a seafood industry, characterized by a high variability and the presence of residual amounts of coagulant and flocculant reagents, was used to study the development of aerob...

The patterns of deposition of thrombospondin (TSP), a trimeric extracellular matrix glycoprotein, were determined during the initial establishment of the external granule cell layer and the subsequent inward migration of granule cells forming the molecular and (internal) granule cell layers. The early homogeneous deposition of TSP became restricted to the rhombic lip in the region of granule ce...

The molecular basis of exocytotic membrane fusion in the pancreatic acinar cell was investigated using an in vitro assay that measures both zymogen granule-plasma membrane fusion and granule-granule fusion. These two fusion events were differentially sensitive to Ca(2+), suggesting that they are controlled by different Ca(2+)-sensing mechanisms. Botulinum neurotoxin C (BoNT/C) treatment of the ...

Granule cells of the mammalian dentate gyrus normally form a discrete layer, and virtually all granule cells migrate to this location. Exceptional granule cells that are positioned incorrectly, in 'ectopic' locations, are rare. Although the characteristics of such ectopic granule cells appear similar in many respects to granule cells located in the granule cell layer, their rare occurrence has ...

Platelets are known to contribute to vascular pathologies, however, their role in inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and its mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is thus far poorly defined. Although there is emerging evidence that platelets might accumulate in the CNS parenchyma along with an increased activation ...