background lithium is a drug for treatment of bipolar disorder by correcting mania and reducing depressive mood swings. objectives in this study, effects of lithium on volumetric parameters of cerebellum were investigated using stereological methods. materials and methods in this experimental study, 20 sexually mature wistar male rats were selected and divided in two groups randomly (n = 10). a...

OBJECTIVES Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia share common pathophysiological processes and may have similar perceptual abnormalities. Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a - event-related potentials associated with auditory preattentional processing - have been extensively studied in schizophrenia, but rarely in bipolar disorder. Furthermore, MMN and P3a have not been examined between diagnostic s...

OBJECTIVE Relatively little is known about the co-occurrence of bipolar and eating disorders. We therefore assessed the prevalence and clinical correlates of eating disorders in 875 patients with bipolar disorder. METHOD 875 outpatients with DSM-IV bipolar I or II disorder were evaluated with structured diagnostic interviews and clinician- and self-administered questionnaires to determine bip...

ôbjective: the mood disorder questionnaire (mdq) has been designed as a screening self-report inventory for diagnosing bipolar mood disorders. this study investigated the validity and the optimal cut-off threshold of the persian version of mdq in a group of ïranian depressive patients. methods: ône hundred and twenty patients with probable diagnosis of mood disorders attending psychiatric clini...

BACKGROUND Researchers have linked bipolar disorder to elevations in reward sensitivity and positive affect. Little is known, however, about how people with bipolar disorder respond to rewards and positive affect and how these tendencies relate to functioning or quality of life. METHODS Persons diagnosed with bipolar I disorder and matched controls completed the Responses to Positive Affect (...

It is clinically important to recognize both bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in patients seeking treatment for depression, and it is important to distinguish between the two. Research considering whether BPD should be considered part of a bipolar spectrum reaches differing conclusions. We reviewed the most studied question on the relationship between BPD and bipolar d...

ôbjectives: non-adherence limits the effectiveness of medications among patients with bipolar disorder. many studies have investigated the predicting factors of non-adherence. this paper aims to present the pattern of adherence in patients with bipolar ï disorder (bïd). methods: seventy six patients with bïd enrolled in a prospective study. the medication possession ratio (mpr) was used to eval...

OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and burden of general medical conditions (GMCs) among a nationally representative sample of adults with bipolar I disorder. METHOD Data for this study were derived from the 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (N = 43,093), which included US adults aged 18 years and older. This study focused on the subsample of adults wi...

The Kraepelinian dichotomy sees schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as two distinctly separate diseases each with its own pathogenesis and disease process. This study looks at the difference between patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in terms of suicidal behaviour. Both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have been identified as significant risk factors for suicide, while bipolar an...