Electron microscopy (EM) is seldom used with in situ hybridization to localize DNA sequences because banding methods for chromosome identification could not be coupled to EM techniques. We have applied an immunochemical replication-banding method specific for EM to solve this problem. A thymidine synchronization/BrdUrd release protocol allows BrdUrd incorporation only into late replicating band...

The DNA binding domain (DBD) of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has proved to be a novel, highly sensitive probe for detecting DNA breaks in intact cells undergoing apoptosis. A recombinant peptide spanning the DNA binding domain of PARP was expressed, purified and used to detect DNA strand breaks in fixed cells. Fluorescence microscopy with this probe followed by detection with anti-PARP an...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumorigenesis because of their proangiogenic and immune-suppressive functions. Here, we report that butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) blocks occurrence of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) in tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced lung tumorigenesis. Continuous administration of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), a ROS inhibitor, before or after NNK treatment s...

A phenolic antioxidant 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA) is a widely used food additive. BHA had cytotoxicity in human monocytic leukemia U937 cells. BHA at 0.75 mM caused nuclear condensation and fragmentation, structural damage in mitochondria, decrease in mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and internucleosomal DNA cleavage. It induced the activities of caspase-3 and/or -7, -6, -8 and -...

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), a synthetic antioxidant, has been used in fat and fatty foods to prevent oxidative deterioration. However, the functions of BHA on immune responses in normal mice remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of oral treatment of BHA on immune responses in normal mice in vivo. BALB/c mice received various treatments. Blood samples we...

A new method for fabrication of RNA microarrays is described. The approach involves cohybridization of a short, biotinylated DNA oligonucleotide and an RNA probe sequence to DNA templates spotted onto a master array. Next, the short DNA sequence and the RNA probe are linked using a T4 DNA ligase. Finally, a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) monolith modified on the surface with streptavidin is brou...

The sensitivity, rapidity, and ease of use of biotinylated (Blugene, Bethesda Research Laboratories) and 32P cDNA probes have been compared, the probe being the cDNA for beta-glucocerebrosidase (EC 3.1.2.45). With the Blugene kit I could detect 2 pg of biotinylated DNA on dot blots. However, under conditions of hybridization, the lower limit of detection for unlabeled cDNA (transblotted onto ni...

BACKGROUND Recently, local sustained-release antibiotics systems have been developed because they can increase local foci of concentrated antibiotics without increasing the plasma concentration, and thereby effectively decrease any systemic toxicity and side effects. A vancomycin-loaded bone-like hydroxyapatite/poly-amino acid (V-BHA/PAA) bony scaffold was successfully fabricated with vancomyci...

The metabolites of tritium-labeled benzo[a[pyrene (BP) extracted from liver microsomes prepared by butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)-fed and control female A/HeJ mice were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. There was an overall decrease in diol formation as well as an increase in the phenol formation in microsomal incubations from the BHA-fed mice compared to the controls. The dione ...

Biologically derived hydroxyapatite from calcinated (at 850 degrees C) bovine bones (BHA) was doped with 5 wt% and 10 wt% of SiO(2), MgO, Al(2)O(3) and ZrO(2) (stabilized with 8% Y(2)O(3)). The aim was to improve the sintering ability and the mechanical properties (compression strength and hardness) of the resultant BHA-composites. Cylindrical samples were sintered at several temperatures betwe...