introduction: antibiotics as a  type of pharmaceutical compounds are widely used in modern medicine and veterinary industries. they enter the environment in different ways, including agricultural runoff, direct discharge of urban wastewater treatment or human waste, direct disposal of medical, veterinary industrial waste and etc. antibiotics have been able to influence the microbial population....

Sri Lanka is an island in the Indian Ocean with an area about 65 610 km(2). The population of the country is around 20.2 million. Hazardous disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a major concern particularly in the most urbanized areas of Sri Lanka. However, the current waste management system does not facilitate any waste pre-treatment techniques before final disposal. As a consequence, th...

The removal performance of total poly phenols and orthodiphenols (o-diphenols) content in olive mill waste (OMW) was investigated with a three stages cross flow laboratory scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) in the present study. Due to high COD and other pollutant in the original OMW, physico-chemical treatment was effected for COD and other pollutant reduction prior to biological tr...

Dairy waste, more than any other trade waste has long since attracted the attention of specialists in the field of waste water purification. Many experiments have been made with artificial waste water, made from milk or milk products. Dairy wastes provide an excellent nutrient medium for many types of bacteria and fungi and, contrary to opinions held at one time, are very amenable to aerobic bi...

An approach is presented for the on-site treatment of diluted swine waste. The approach (1) incorporates anaerobic digestion with an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) to stabilize waste, reduce odor, and reduce solids and organic compounds, while producing biogas; (2) increases the ortho-phosphate concentration of the anaerobic digester effluent by enhanced biological phosphorus removal...

in this study a sample of bentonite obtained from semnan mines, was modified by a surfactant to prepare an organoclay with high surface area. bet analysis showed that the modification increased its surface significantly. the prepared sorbent was used for removal of dyes and other organic pollutants from a waste water obtained from ekbatan textile company. adsorption was studied in various times...

Selected waste management scenarios were evaluated with regard to the goals of the Austrian Waste Management Act, taking into account long-term environmental protection and resource conservation as well as costs. Municipal solid waste (MSW) and sewage sludge have been chosen as the system inputs. The scenarios were compared to the status-quo scenario by combining Material Flow Analysis (MFA) an...

By mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) of residual municipal solid waste the behaviour of landfills can be significantly improved. After MBT the organic content (COD and BOD5), total organic carbon, and total nitrogen in the leachate, as well as the gas production rate, are reduced to values lower than 90% of the fresh untreated waste. The volume of the stabilized material to be disposed on l...