Graphene has attracted great interest because of unique properties such as high sensitivity, high mobility, and biocompatibility. It is also known as a superior candidate for pH sensing. Graphene-based ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) is currently getting much attention as a novel material with organic nature and ionic liquid gate that is intrinsically sensitive to pH changes. pH i...

The circular process model is a psychobiological model of depression, in which it is postulated that catecholamines and negative cognitions interact to influence depression. Since its publication, there have been no empirical tests to support or refute the model. This study tested the model in 92 depressed adult outpatients with non-bipolar non-psychotic depression. There were no significant bi...

Living cells are able to produce a wide variety of biological responses when subjected to biochemical stimuli. It has become apparent that these biological responses are regulated by complex chemical reaction networks (CRNs). Unravelling the function of these circuits is a key topic of both systems biology and synthetic biology. Recent progress at the interface of chemistry and biology together...

MetaNetX is a repository of genome-scale metabolic networks (GSMNs) and biochemical pathways from a number of major resources imported into a common namespace of chemical compounds, reactions, cellular compartments--namely MNXref--and proteins. The MetaNetX.org website (http://www.metanetx.org/) provides access to these integrated data as well as a variety of tools that allow users to import th...

BACKGROUND AND SCOPE Differential equation systems modeling biochemical reaction networks can only give quantitative predictions, when they are in accordance with experimental data. However, even if a model can well recapitulate given data, it is often the case that some of its kinetic parameters can be arbitrarily chosen without significantly affecting the simulation results. This indicates a ...

In this paper, we study a three-dimensional nonlinear model of a controllable reaction [X]+[Y]+[Z]→[Z], where the reaction rate is given by a unspecified nonlinear function. A model of this type describes a variety of real-life processes in chemical kinetics and biology; in this paper our particular interests is in its application to waste water biotreatment. For this control model, we analytic...

In this document, we present several methods for approximating the indices σj and ηj associated with the second-order variance-based sensitivity analysis technique discussed in the Main text. We first review a number of multivariate representation schemes for the response function of a biochemical reaction system that can be used to analytically map the complex relationship between the biochemi...

AQ3 The utilization of continuous-flow biochemical reactors, including biocatalysis, biotransformation, and biochemical interaction based flow-analytical systems, and enzyme reactors are recently the focus of attention to produce fine biochemicals and also show great potential in bioanalytical applications. Continuous-flow biochemical processes implemented in microstructured reactors enable sho...