Abstract On a widely suggested knowledge-first account of belief, to believe p is $$\Phi $$ ? (e.g. treat ) as if one knew . I challenge this view by arguing against various regimentations it. conclude generalizing my argument alternative views Williamson and Wimmer.

Abstract This paper argues that what is currently the most popular version of temporal Fragmentalism—‘unstructured’ Fragmentalism, as I shall call it—faces a problem Tensed Belief Explosion. Four possible solutions to this are reviewed and shown be wanting; two more promising ones risk fostering scepticism about existence tensed facts—hence, Fragmentalism itself. The tentative moral unstructure...