Abad 21 adalah abad dimana pengetahuan meningkat secara drastis. Sains dan teknologi semakin berkembang pesat berkaitan dengan kehidupan manusia. Pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project-based learning) dianggap sebagai pendekatan inovatif untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran di banyak negara saat ini. Sehingga pada dekade terakhir memunculkan minat peneliti meneliti terkait model Meskipun PjBL menj...

This paper presents recent results from an Industry-University-Defence collaborative project whose aim is to characterise the hydroacoustic environment of the Australian Maritime College Cavitation Tunnel. After summarising the operation of the tunnel, a methodology for measuring and processing the hydroacoustic measurements is presented that includes a technique for reducing the level of turbu...

During the past decade, the Navy has considerably improved its capabilities in aircraft/weapon integration. In 1989 it took more than 400 hours of wind tunnel testing, which cost 1,5000,000, and 20 flights to clear the JSOW from the F-18 to Mach 0.95. This year the MK-83 JDAM was cleared after only 60 hours of wind tunnel testing and five flights to the full F-18 aircraft envelope of Mach 1.3. ...

Collins, Colorado 80524, USA. Phone: [970] 498 2334, Fax: [970] 221 3124, Email: [email protected] The use of the wind tunnel as a building design tool has become much more commonplace in recent years. Its effective use requires close coordination between the architect, the structural engineer and the wind engineer, with the architect traditionally serving as project leader. Many structural ...

In every tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunneling project, there is an initial low production phase so-called the Learning Phase Period (LPP), in which low utilization is experienced and the operational parameters are adjusted to match the working conditions. LPP can be crucial in scheduling and evaluating the final project time and cost, especially for short tunnels for which it may constitute a ...

A proposal has been made to build a new tunnel under the Scheldt river near the centre of Antwerp in order to relieve traffic congestion on the ring road and in an existing tunnel. The new tunnel is expected to cost more than €1 billion, and tolls have been suggested to help finance construction and to manage demand. This paper conducts a preliminary cost-benefit analysis of a new tunnel and th...

T his research effort originated during the design of the Central Artery/Tunnel (CA/T) project in Boston. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in conjunction with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), is undertaking a $5 billion project to widen and depress the existing Central Artery (I-93) through downtown Boston and construct a third harbor tunnel (1-90) below Boston Harbor. During subseq...

successful application of a tbm in a project requires investigating both the ground conditions and the machine and backup system design features. prediction of the machine performance is very important as it has a big effect on the duration of the project and the costs. in this respect, both penetration rate and advance rate must be estimated. utilization factor, which depends on the type of op...