OBJECTIVE This article examines how the history and philosophy of peer support services has shaped current mental health and substance use service delivery systems. The growth of peer-run and recovery community organizations in the changing health care environment are discussed, including issues related to workforce development, funding, relevant policies, and opportunities for expansion. These...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to delineate the behavioral correlates of focal thrombotic occlusion of the distal middle cerebral artery in rats and to compare the pattern of deficits and subsequent recovery to that following proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion. METHODS Ten Sprague-Dawley rats underwent photothrombotic occlusion of the distal middle cerebral...

For nearly 20 years, the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has fostered social inclusion for Americans with mental and/or substance use disorders. SAMHSA done this by promoting recovery paradigm, an approach predicated on a positive, strength-based, person-centered view of those behavioral health conditions. provided leadership policies, programs, practices...

Previous studies showed that portacaval shunting causes metabolic and behavioral changes in rats. Most metabolic changes reversed within 1-2 wk after restoration of normal circulation. However, the rate of cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRGlc) remained depressed in some areas. The question arose whether complete recovery was possible. Therefore, a long-term behavioral study was undertaken to det...

Females show a varying degree of ischemic sensitivity throughout their lifespan, which is not fully explained by hormonal or genetic factors. Epidemiological data suggest that sex-specific life experiences such as pregnancy increase stroke risk. This work evaluated the role of parity on stroke outcome. Age-matched virgin (i.e., nulliparous) and multiparous mice were subjected to 60 min of rever...

Neural circuits maintain a precise organization that is vital for normal brain functions and behaviors, but become disrupted during neurological disease. Understanding the connection between wiring accuracy and function to measure disease progression or recovery has been difficult because of the complexity of behavioral circuits. The olfactory system maintains well-defined neural connections th...

Extinction of fear conditioning in animals is an excellent model for the study of fear inhibition in humans. Substantial evidence has shown that extinction is a new learning process that is highly context-dependent. Several recovery effects (renewal, spontaneous recovery, and reinstatement) after extinction suggest that the contextual modulation of extinction is a critical behavioral mechanism ...

Extinction of fear conditioning in animals is an excellent model for the study of fear inhibition in humans. Substantial evidence has shown that extinction is a new learning process that is highly context-dependent. Several recovery effects (renewal, spontaneous recovery, and reinstatement) after extinction suggest that the contextual modulation of extinction is a critical behavioral mechanism ...