many factors may be involved in determining why some students are more and some are less proficient in language. this study tried to explore the factors affecting iranian efl learners’ proficiency. 221 students at second, third and fourth year of university, including 50 male and 171 female were selected randomly to participate in the study. a researcher-made questionnaire and a proficiency tes...

neighborhood attachment is closely related to concrete and abstract conceptions that set the scene for a variety of interactions among the residents. it is on the basis of social-physical location which happens over time. neighborhood attachment also enhances the possibility of residents’ social participation in urban neighborhoods and has a bilateral relationship with residents’ satisfaction. ...

Beliefs related to classroom management vary among teachers and play an important role in classrooms. Despite the importance of this construct, valid measures have proven difficult to develop. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Behavior and Instructional Management Scale (BIMS), a short but valid measure of teachers' approaches to behavioral and instructional management. Re...

Health-related studies of spirituality are threatened by the lack of conceptual distinctions between religion and spirituality, the use of small, nongeneralizable samples, and by measurement error in many instruments that unreliably and invalidly capture this domain. The authors review the construct and validity evidence for the Spirituality Index of Well-Being (SIWB), an instrument designed to...

The aim of the current study was twofold: (1) to validate the internal structure of the general English (GE) section of the university entrance examination for Ph.D applicants into the English programs at state universities in Iran (Ph.D. UEE), and (2) to examine the factor structure invariance of the Ph.D. UEE across two proficiency levels. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyz...

This study explores the impacts of computer self-efficacy, computer use, and group orientation on college students’ attitudes towards and decisions to pursue information technology careers. Empirical studies have yet to address this specific topic. The study uses a survey method to gather information from a group of randomly selected undergraduate business college students. Confirmatory factor ...

Article history: Received October 2, 2012 Received in Revised Format March 12, 2013 Accepted March 14, 2013 Available online March 15 2013 Leagile supply chain management has emerged as a proactive approach for improving business value of companies. The companies that face volatile and unpredictable market demand of their products must pioneer in leagile supply chain strategy for competition an...

This siudy reviews the literature surrounding leader-member exchange (LMX), proposes and tests antecedents of LMX. The intent is to clarify antecedents of LMX. The study uses a hospitality sample, as LMX is related to a wide range of constructs highly relevant for hospitality management. Following confirmatory factor analysis, the antecedents are tested using regression analysis, followed by pa...

In Year One of the Modelfest project, several laboratories collaborated to collect threshold data of human observers on 45 pattern stimuli. In this preliminary study, we used a principal component analysis (PCA) and a confirmatory factor analysis on the variations among observers to explore the underlying visual mechanisms for detecting Modelfest Stimuli. This analysis is based on the assumptio...