By printing a variable number of droplets onto the same pixel location, ink jet printers produce pixels at variable dot-sizes yielding several darkness levels. Varying the number of printed droplets affects the ink volume deposited onto the substrate. In the present contribution, we explore the possibility of producing accurate spectral reflectance predictions at all pixel dot-sizes. For this p...

Pigment Red3 was synthesized and chemically treated by sulphonation. The treatment, affected the surface chemistry and the shape of pigments. The effects of reaction time, temperature, Solvent/Pigment ratio and Acid/Pigment ratio were examined on the treated pigment. The investigation of experimental design based on Tauguchi method, was carried out. To assessment of treated particles, UV-visibl...

A spectral-based six-color printer model was derived in determining the six color separations for an input spectral image that yields the least metameric reproduction relative to the original. Confined by the ink-trapping limitation, the six-color halftone printer modeling effort is a union of ten four-color halftone printer modeling efforts in addition to a four-ink selector. The four-ink sele...

An ink separation algorithm is introduced for printing with 6 to 9 inks. A spectral gamut mapping algorithm is also introduced that projects an input reflectance onto the manifold of the printer spectral gamut space The ink separation, which is finding the best ink combination to reproduce a given reflectance, is done by applying an interpolation between printer gamut points neighboring a proje...

The analysis of inks and the paper to which they are applied is of great interest to a broad spectrum of science. From the historian and archaeologist to the forensic scientist, an understanding of ink-paper interactions is essential to the understanding of the ink and its subsequent changes upon application to paper. Determining chemical and other details of ink in a signature, for example, ca...

In this paper we show how a game engine designed to generate photorealistic images can be extended to produce non-photorealistic and hybrid renditions. We introduce new hardware-based methods to accomplish pen-and-ink illustrations. The combination of the highly optimized processing of a game engine and the use of hardware for NPR algorithms yields real-time animation of pen-and-ink illustratio...

This study introduces new models and mathematical formulations describing the light scattering and ink spreading phenomena. Based on these new theoretical tools, the spectra of 100 real paper samples produced by two ink-jet printers were computed with an average prediction error of about in CIELAB.

This research aims to detect document forgery in handwritten notes based on ink spectral information. Multiple criterion methods, based on local information of the target window, to determine ink numbers were conducted. The comparison of the results generated from different anomaly detection methods was presented. The accuracy results showed that the methods implemented in the project were help...

Until the middle of this century, fats and oils are the major raw material source for paints, coating and lubricating applications. These markets are completely taken over by petroleum based stocks due to their abundance and versatility. However, recent public awareness to use environmentally acceptable products that minimize pollution, are compatible to human health and readily biodegradable c...