IN a recent analysis of the dynamics of the history of the older, more mature sciences Kuhn (1962, 1963) holds that each of them has reached the level of guidance by a paradigm. In one of its meanings a paradigm is a contentual model, universally accepted by practitioners of a science at a particular temporal period in its development. With this agreement among its practitioners, the paradigm d...

Ptolemy’s device, the epicycle on deferent, allowed him to account very accurately for motions with respect to the fixed stars of the sun, the moon, and the five observable planets. Indeed, thanks to Harold Bohr, we now know, as Ptolemy did not, that any periodic motions can be approximated arbitrarily well by iterations of epicycles. So far as the data concern only semi-periodic motions with r...

Awake mammals are often inattentive in familiar environments, but must still respond appropriately to relevant visual stimulation. Such "inattentive vision" has received little study, perhaps due to difficulties in controlling eye position in this state. In rabbits, eye position is exceedingly stable in both alert and inattentive states. Here, we exploit this stability to examine temporal filte...