The β-barrel assembly machinery (BAM) is a ∼203 kDa complex of five proteins (BamA-E), which is essential for viability in E. coli. BAM promotes the folding and insertion of β-barrel proteins into the outer membrane via a poorly understood mechanism. Several current models suggest that BAM functions through a 'lateral gating' motion of the β-barrel of BamA. Here we present a cryo-EM structure o...

The La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 /BaFe11.3~ZnSn!0.7O19 ~LSMO/BaM! composites have been prepared by cosintering the LSMO and the BaM powders. The microstructural, magnetic, and magnetoresistive ~MR! properties of those systems were systematically studied. Due to the magnetic coupling between the LSMO ~a soft magnet metal! and BaM ~a hard magnet insulator! grains, the low-field MR sensitivity was reduced and...

The BAM HI family of long interspersed DNAs in mice represent as much as 0.5% of the mouse genome. Cloned mouse DNA fragments which contain BAM HI/non-BAM HI junction sequences have been analyzed by restriction mapping and DNA sequencing. It has been found that BAM HI elements: (i) are approximately 7 kilobase pairs in size, (ii) are not bracketed by long repeated sequences analogous to the ter...

Standard Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM) stores sum-of-the-correlation-matrices of the pairs of patterns. When a pattern of an encoded pair is presented, the other is expected to be recalled. It has been shown that standard BAM cannot correctly recall a pattern pair, if it is not at a local minima of the energy function. To overcome this problem, novel methods for encoding have been prop...

The covalent sequence specificity of a series of nitrogen mustard and imidazole-containing analogues of distamycin was determined using modified sequencing techniques. The analogues tether benzoic acid mustard (BAM) and possess either one, two or three imidazole units. Examination of the alkylation specificity revealed that BAM produced guanine-N7 lesions in a pattern similar to conventional ni...

Many reproductive proteins from diverse taxa evolve rapidly and adaptively. These proteins are typically involved in late stages of reproduction such as sperm development and fertilization, and are more often functional in males than females. Surprisingly, many germline stem cell (GSC) regulatory genes, which are essential for the earliest stages of reproduction, also evolve adaptively in Droso...

The early SV40 BstXI-BamHI (Bst/Bam) DNA fragment encodes exclusively for the second exon of the large T-antigen and contains the intact small t-antigen intron. Rat cells transformed by the p14T, a construct that carries the Bst/Bam DNA fragment as a tail-to-head tandem duplication, synthesize a truncated T-antigen (T1-antigen) without having a direct equivalent at the DNA level. Formation of t...

Soil organic matter mineralization changed by land-use types is still not clearly understood. In this study, soils from typical including adjacent plantations of bamboo (Bam), camphor (Cam), and tea (Tea) were chosen to systematically investigate the role carbon components microbial community compositions in Ultisol. The followed sequence Bam < Cam Tea. higher contents labile pools Tea than ...