This paper studies the analysis of reductio ad absurdum by Ibn Sı̄nā (known to the Latin West as Avicenna), who was born in 980 in a village near the Bactrian town of Balkh on the Silk Road, and died in 1037 after a career spent moving around within the present boundaries of Iran. References to Ibn Sı̄nā’s writings are to his Arabic texts listed in the bibliography, and are given in the format pa...

The shrines are monument of the deceased person which are constructed for respecting and honoring the memory of the deceased person and rely on spiritual concepts such as eternality, death etc. In this paper, attempt has been made to analyze architectural structure of Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa in Balkh, Afghanistan which was part of Iran in the Timurids period and Khorasan (one province in Iran...

introducing ahmed khidroya, a sufi from balkh in the 3rd century (ah.), is the aim of present essay. so the author provides information about his name and family, hometown, date of death, works and companions, using old sources in historical analysis method.

Indar Sugiarto∗, Pedro Campos†, Nizar Dahir‡, Gianluca Tempesti§ and Steve Furber¶ ∗¶School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, United Kingdom †§Department of Electronics, University of York, United Kingdom ‡IT Research and Development Center, University of Kufa, Iraq ∗¶{indar.sugiarto, steve.furber}@manchester.ac.uk, †§{pedro.campos, gianluca.tempesti}@york.ac.uk ‡nizar.dahir@uokufa...

in research on the history of medicine, less attention is paid to the subject of historical geography . considering the importance of this subject in the history of science, this paper discusses one of the most important science centers in the world. this outstanding medical research center was located in gorganch city, chorasmia area, in the eastern part of the islamic. chorasmia medical schoo...

Background: Access to health services in Afghanistan has expanded in the last decade; however, gaps in care quality and outcomes of care remain a challenge. Recognizing these gaps, in 2009 the USAID Health Care Improvement Project (HCI) began assisting the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) in Afghanistan to improve the quality of health services. Though eventually scaled up to nine provinces, in...

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have been the longest sustained U.S. military operations since the Vietnam era, sending more than 2.2 million troops into battle, and resulting in more than 6,600 deaths and 48,000 injuries. Many service members returning from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan are relatively unscathed. Upon return, the vast majority report that their experiences were rewardi...

This study estimates the effect of deployment location and length on the risk of developing PTSD, relative to what it would be from the normal military operations. We use a random sample of activity-duty enlisted personnel serving between 2001 and 2006. We identify PTSD cases from TRICARE medical records and link deployment information from Contingent Tracking System. Comparing to those in othe...

The aim of this study was to establish baseline information about the prevalence and distribution of growth deficit (stunting) in a sample of Iraqi schoolchildren from the capital, Baghdad. A cross-sectional descriptive analysis of the growth status of 5286 primary-school children aged 7-12 years (2888 males, 2398 females) was conducted by measuring the prevalence of stunting (height-for-age Z-...