Introduction        The inscription of Rabatak was found in 1993 near an ancient hill in the north part of Baghlan in Afghanistan. The village of Rabatak is situated at the kilometer forty in the north-western part of the ancient province of Sorkh-Kotal near the border between Baghlan and Samangan provinces. The Rabatak inscription includes 23 lines in Bactrian language and a Greco-Bactrian scr...

In the deregulated power systems, transmission congestion is one of the significant and main problems of the electrical networks which can cause incremental cost in the energy. This problem has resulted to new challenging issues in different parts of power systems which there was not in the traditional systems or at least had very little importance. Transmission congestion happens when the maxi...

geographical concept of “haft karšvar” could be traced back to the proto-indo-iranian period. after the separation of indians and iranians, due to geographical circumstances and religio-political changes, original indo-iranian narrative of seven part of the earth, turned into its current versions. a comparison of old iranian and indian texts, specially avesta and vīspā̊ŋhō  purāṇa, shows that in...

although inflammatory processes involving facial sinuses rarely develop during childhood, these antrums due to their anatomic situations are exposed to a variety of biologic and nonbiologic agents after birth. many types of bacteria are able to initiate inflammatory responses in these antrums. since effective management of these patients rests upon demonstration of a specific pathogen and testi...

introduction        the inscription of rabatak was found in 1993 near an ancient hill in the north part of baghlan in afghanistan. the village of rabatak is situated at the kilometer forty in the north-western part of the ancient province of sorkh-kotal near the border between baghlan and samangan provinces. the rabatak inscription includes 23 lines in bactrian language and a greco-bactrian scr...

Several dozen inscriptions in an unknown writing system have been discovered area stretching geographically from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan to southern Afghanistan. Most can be dated the period 2nd century BCE 3rd CE, yet all attempts at decipherment so far unsuccessful. The recent discovery of previously near Almosi gorge, Tajikistan, however, allows for a renewed attempt decipherme...

introduction population growth, increasing consumption of natural energy sources, the increasing use of fossil fuels, especially the oil and gas industry in recent years with the energy imbalance management has led to emergence of global energy crisis. moreover, rapid urbanization and industrialization have substantially increased the amount of high-strength wastewater being produced, which in ...