The paper gives a systematic way for the development of hybrid control systems, i.e. to reene speciications written in DC (Duration Calculus) into automata models. Firstly, DC formulas are extended with iteration form and a technique for deriving plant automata from DC formulas is presented. Then, a speciication of control automata can be synthesized from plant automata with respect to requirem...

With their short nanosecond pulse durations, Qswitched lasers have revolutionized the treatment of tattoos [1-3]. Nevertheless, the mechanisms for clinically observed tattoo clearance are still not well understood. Two mechanisms have been proposed: a) a thermal effect where tattoo particles are heated to sufficiently high temperatures to cause chemical changes within the particles and the surr...

Duration calculus is a logical formalism designed for expressing and refining real-time requirements for systems. Timed frames are essentially transition systems meant for modeling the time-dependent behaviour of programs. We investigate the interpretation of duration calculus formulae in timed frames. We elaborate this topic from different angles and show that they agree with each other. The r...

2014 In this paper we describe time-resolved absorption and emission studies of an XeCl* laser discharge. The studies we carried out in order to gain a better understanding of the causes leading to the premature termination of both spontaneous emission and laser pulses in our device. This is a feature showed by all discharge pumped rare gas halide lasers. J. Physique 45 (1984) 1449-1456 SEPTEMB...

High pulsed electrical field as pre-processing step for fruits and vegetables in the vacuum freeze drying could increase drying rate efficiency and preserve nutritional ingredients in maximum. Moreover, high pulsed electrical field pretreatment has been successfully used to solve practical problems in the vacuum freeze drying, such as energy consumption, high production costs and long drying ti...

This paper introduces infinite intervals into the Duration Calculus [32]. The extended calculus defines a state duration over an infinite interval by a property which specifies the limit of the state duration over finite intervals, and excludes the description operator. Thus the calculus can be established without involvement of unpleasant calculation of infinity. With limits of state durations...

Following the recent successes of bounded model-checking, we reconsider the problem of constructing models of discrete-time Duration Calculus formulae. While this problem is known to be non-elementary when arbitrary length models are considered [Han94], it turns out to be only NP-complete when constrained to bounded length. As a corollary we obtain that model construction is in NP for the formu...

The control and stability of the carrier-envelope phase of few-cycle pulses are crucial issues in attoscience. This project reports on a novel few-cycle mid-infrared source based on optical parametric chirped pulse amplification with 100 kHz repetition rate at a wavelength of 3.2μm and a pulse duration of 67 fs. Due to the design of the source it is supposed to be intrinsically passively carrie...

Determination of maximum rivers flow resulted from surface runoff in watersheds without adequate hydrometric records is based on rainfall-runoff models. The short duration rainfalls are one of the basic elements to apply these models. The access to quantitative and intrinsic worth storm data is restricted around the word and in Iran too. There are several empirical and statistical methods to es...

The thermoelectric response of amorphous, semiconducting Y–Ba–Cu–O thin films was investigated by illumination with 150 ps optical pulses at 1064 nm and with a continuous wave at 493 nm ~argon laser!. The measured unbiased voltage response was consistent with pyroelectricity. At high pulse energies, the voltage response saturated due to the saturation of the spontaneous polarization. The pulsed...