The renormalised value of 〈φ2〉 is calculated for a massless, conformally coupled scalar field in the Hartle-Hawking vacuum state. This calculation is a first step towards the calculation of the gravitational back reaction of the field in a black cosmic string spacetime which is asymptotically anti-DeSitter and posesses a non constant dilaton field. It is found that the field is divergence free ...

Through coordinately work of input layer module, hidden layer module, output layer module and back propagation calculation module to complete the whole system of the closed-loop calculation, this is a process of FPGA realization of PID controller based on BP neural network. Operation of the entire system with FPGA internal clock coordination is unified coordination, just provide clock and reset...

background and purpose: sample size and its determination is one of the most important problems in health researches. calculating sample size for prevalence studies is one of the common questions of sample size topics. minimum sample size with least complexity is desirable in order to achieve the basic goal of these studies. this study aims to compare two formulas of sample size calculation for...

The dynamical effects of the tensor modes of the geometry are investigated in the context of curvature bounces. Since the bouncing behaviour implies sharp deviations from a radiationdominated evolution, significant back-reaction effects of relic gravitons may be expected at short wavelengths. After developing a general iterative framework for the calculation of dynamical back-reaction effects, ...

We study the renormalized energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of cosmological scalar fluctuations during the slow-rollover regime for chaotic inflation with a quadratic potential and find that it is characterized by a negative energy density which grows during slow-rollover. We also approach the back-reaction problem as a second-order calculation in perturbation theory finding no evidence that the bac...

The Millimeter-Wave Bolometric Interferometer (MBI) is a ground-based instrument designed to measure the polarization anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and contains a number of quasi-optical components, including a complex back-to-back system of corrugated feed-horn antennas. In this paper we use MBI as an example to demonstrate the existing modeling techniques and as a focu...

Feasibility of closed-loop anesthesia has been shown in a number of clinical studies. Demonstration of patient safety will be essential to convince regulatory authorities of the benefits of such systems. This paper considers safety constraints for closed-loop propofol anesthesia based on its therapeutic range. Simulation scenarios are proposed for evaluation of control strategies in the presenc...

All renewable energy systems make some contribution to climate change. This is due to the emission of greenhouse gases from the fossil fuels combusted for their construction, and as back-up energy during their operation. Accurate calculation of greenhouse gas emissions per kilowatt hour of electricity is difficult, but is an important part of policy making and planning. Calculation methodologie...