The distribution of collagen fibres plays a significant role in the mechanical behaviour of artery walls. Experimental data show that in most artery wall layers there are two (or more) in-plane symmetrically disposed families of fibres. However, a recent investigation revealed that some artery wall layers have only one preferred fibre direction, notably in the medial layer of human common iliac...

The zero-stress state of a blood vessel has been extensively studied because it is the reference state for which all calculations of intramural stress and strain must be based. It has also been found to reflect nonuniformity in growth and remodeling in response to chemical or physical changes. The zero-stress state can be characterized by an opening angle, defined as the angle subtended by two ...

In the present work a methodology of metrological kind is suggested. The procedure has been developed to give information on the relative quality between two or more standard sets of Rzeppa joints made up by different factories. The methodology suggested is based on dimension and hardness evaluations. The main aim of the dimensional evaluations is the tolerances check that characterize the groo...

background sphenoid sinus is surrounded by many vital vascular and nervous structures. in more than 20% of patients with chronic sinusitis, involvement of sphenoid sinus has been observed. besides, sphenoid sinus is an appropriate route to access anterior and middle cranial fossa in surgery. therefore, it is important to have an adequate knowledge about the contents of sphenoid sinus and its pr...

Background: CT scans with contrast media administration have been used to confirm the presence of pathology in blood vessel brain. High accuracy and fast scanning time produced by make this modality main choice assessing aneurysm Technological advances development CT-helical image acquisition techniques enabled neuroradiologists evaluate brain aneurysms a short time. Magnetic resonance (MR) ang...

The results for blood flow in the carotid artery bifurcation on the basis of numerical simulation of Navier-Stokes equations are presented in this study. Four cases of carotid bifurcation are considered: common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation without stenoses and cases with one, two and three stenoses are also presented. The results are obtained by performing numerical simulations considering ...

We reviewed 161 patients, from four centres in Switzerland, who had undergone posterior fusion of the upper cervical spine with transarticular screw fixation of the atlanto-axial joints. They were followed up for a mean 24.6 months. The vertebral artery and the medulla escaped injury and only 5.9% of the complications were directly related to the screws. The rate of pseudarthrosis was 0.6%.

It is a well-known fact that the length of an artery in situ and the length of an excised artery differs. Retraction of blood vessels is usually observed. This prestretch plays an important role in arterial physiology. We have recently determined that the decrease of axial prestretch in the human abdominal aorta is so closely correlated with age that it is suitable for forensic applications (es...

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pulse diagnosis can reflect the condition of human bodies. 44 young healthy human beings were involved in the investigation of the relationship between the three dimensional motion of the radial artery and the spatiality, rhythmicity, formability and intensity of TCM pulse diagnosis in TCM pulse diagnostics. The color Doppler vascular imaging, the self-designe...

MR imaging (MRI) and MR Angiography (MRA) are useful in demonstrating vascular contact with trigeminal nerve at root entry zone (REZ) in-patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Often a tortuous, ectatic superior cerebellar artery, vertebro-basilar or elongated antero-inferior cerebellar artery causes compression at the REZ. Persistent trigeminal artery PTA (Primitive trigeminal artery) is a carotid...