To study the effect of intron size on splicing efficiency we have varied the size of the avian leukosis virus (ALV) env mRNA intron in a cloned ALV genome. This was accomplished by deletion of ALV sequences or insertion of phage lambda DNA. The effect of these modifications on splicing was analyzed by microinjection of the modified clones into RSV(-) chicken cells. Viral env mRNA when transcrib...

In an attempt to determine the seroprevalence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) in exotic broiler chickens and Nigerian local chickens in Zaria, Nigeria, a total of 600 sera (300 from exotic broiler chickens and 300 from Nigerian local chickens), obtained from the live bird market in Zaria, Nigeria, were tested for ALV p27 antigen by the antigen capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ac-ELISA) ...

In human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected cells, the efficient expression of viral proteins from unspliced and singly spliced RNAs is dependent on two factors: the presence in the cell of the viral protein Rev and the presence in the viral RNA of the Rev-responsive element (RRE). We show here that the HIV-1 Rev/RRE system can increase the expression of avian leukosis virus (ALV) structura...

Strain MC29 avian leukosis (myelocytomatosis) virus induced infection, elaboration of virus, and morphological alteration in chick embryo cells in vitro. Virus liberation began within 18 hr, morphological change was detectable at about 40 hr, and the cultures could be completely altered within 80 hr after infection. Altered cells were about half the volume and grew at approximately twice the ra...

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: December 28, 2014 July 11, 2015 October 05, 2015 January 01, 2016 Endogenous viral loci, designated as avian leukosis virus subgroup E (ALVE), have been found in the genome of commercial chickens. They sometimes modulate the host physiologic processes by changing the expression level of host promoters near an integration site. Therefore, the identi...

The complete sequence of ART-CH, a recently found chicken retrotransposon (A. V. Gudkov, E. A. Komarova, M. A. Nikiforov, and T. E. Zaitsevskaya, J. Virol. 66:1726-1736, 1992), was characterized. ART-CH has the structure of a 3,300-bp-long provirus, including two 388-bp long terminal repeats (LTRs) (U3, 245 bp; R region, 17 bp; and U5, 126 bp), a tRNA(Trp)-binding site, and a polypurine tract, ...