Mechanical ventilation associated lung injury (VALI) negatively impacts the outcomes of critically ill patients. Research during the past two decades has led to a better understanding of key physiologic mechanisms of injury, yet uncertainty over the topographical distribution of these mechanisms continues to fuel controversies over "best ventilation practice" in injured lungs. In this issue Pav...

We have an audacious dream, we would like to develop a simulation and virtual reality system to support the decision making in European football (soccer). In this review, we summarize the efforts that we have made to fulfil this dream until recently. In addition, an introductory version of FerSML (Footballer and Football Simulation Markup Language) is presented in this paper.

A13, 4 A-class, 4 Abdiel, 105, 160, 264, 269, 311, 374, 434 Aboukir, 100 Acasta, 256–7, 264, 302, 417, 475–7 Acasta (K) class, 17, 20, 31 Achates, 393–7, 428 Acheron, 263–5 Acheron (I) class, 16, 31, 99, 156, 238 Achilles, 150 Acorn (H) class, 16 Active, 150–1, 264, 270, 402–3, 413 Active class, 16–17, 26 Agincourt, 22, 74, 283, 289–91, 303, 323, 329–31, 338, 406, 426, 463 Ajax, 66, 326, 472 Al...

The majority of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) require mechanical ventilation. This support provides time for the lungs to heal, but the adverse effects of mechanical ventilation significantly influence patient outcome. Traditionally, these were ascribed to mechanical effects, such as haemodynamic compromise from decreased venous return or gross air leaks induced by la...

Ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) is caused by high tidal volume (VT) excursions producing microvascular leakage and pulmonary edema. However, the effects of VALI on lung edema clearance and alveolar epithelial cells' Na,K-ATPase function have not been elucidated. We studied lung edema clearance in the isolated-perfused rat lung model after ventilation for 25, 40, and 60 min with high VT...

Speculative Communities is not just another critique of neoliberal-financial capitalism. It a novel and audacious attempt to construct conceptual framework with which it becomes possible articulate address major questions concerning our economies, financial system, democratic institutions, increasingly digital technology-mediated lives.

Information technology (IT) allows for large-scale data collection and data analysis, e.g. through logs of user behavior and online surveys. While the issue of structured access to data is extremely important, previous research has not sufficiently emphasized design of data export for research purposes. If researchers are to make their data accessible, they must be empowered to export data in a...

Background Approximately 90 percent of the world’s population lives in countries with little or no access to cardiac surgery. Initiation of a surgical program results in a large influx of patients, of whom only a small proportion can be selected for surgical intervention. In addition, at times program development goals may conflict with patient care goals. When surgery cannot be provided to all...

The topic of this monograph is in one respect as audacious as it is far-reaching for theoretical neuroscience. It is nothing less than this: the real Existenz of, objectively valid ground in Nature for, and applied metaphysic of the somatic code (historically called the neural code). The existence of a somatic code was hypothesized by von Neumann almost sixty years ago. This paper establishes t...