Sinus node (SN) function was analyzed with and without autonomic blockade in 20 normal subjects, ages 15-67 years (mean 44 i 16 years). Various electrophysiologic measures of SN functionSN cycle length (SNCL), SN recovery time (SNRT), corrected SNRT (CSNRT) and sinoatrial conduction time (SACT) were analyzed. CSNRT was measured after atriil pacing at multiple rates. SACT was analyzed using two ...

The crude extract of Carthamus oxycantha (Co.Cr) was studied in vitro for its possible spasmogenic and spasmolytic activities. Segments of isolated rabbit jejunum 2-3 cm long were mounted in Tyrode’s solution and aerated with 95% oxygen in carbon dioxide. Isotonic responses were measured on Bioscience oscillograph. Isotonic responses were measured on Bioscience oscillograph. Co.Cr caused dose-d...

Submandibular secretory and vascular responses to stimulation of the parasympathetic innervation and the output of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were investigated in anaesthetized sheep in the presence and absence of atropine (>/=0.5 mg/kg). In the absence of atropine, parasympathetic stimulation caused an increase in the flow of saliva and a decrease in submandibular vascular resistance;...

Studying the functioning of various body systems in different vertebrates is one key tasks comparative physiology. Teleost fishes are a large group vertebrates; however, mechanisms their digestive tract poorly understood and known mainly for such model object as Danio rerio. The aim this work was to characterize participation subtypes M-cholinergic receptors Rho-kinase enzyme cholinergic contra...

BACKGROUND Low-dose atropine causes bradycardia either by acting on the sinoatrial node or by its effects on central muscarinic receptors increasing vagal activity. Any central muscarinic effects of high-dose atropine on RR interval are masked by peripheral muscarinic blockade at the sinoatrial node, which causes tachycardia. Effects of central parasympathetic activation on sympathetic activity...

We have examined the inhibitory effect of atropine and sodium cromoglycate (SCG) on the bronchial response to sulphur dioxide (SO2) in groups of normal and asthmatic subjects. Eleven normal subjects were premedicated with propranolol (100 mg orally) one hour before each experiment. After baseline measurements of specific airways conductance (sGaw) the subject inhaled an aerosol from a Wright ne...

Atropine was isolated in pure form in 1831. l One century and sixty-three years later, understanding of its complex pharmacology has yet to be achieved. Suceinylcholine was introduced into clinical practice in 1951. 2 Forty-three years later, we can only explain partly its mechanism of action at the neuromuscular junction, the duality of its neuromuscular block, and the diversity of its neurove...

Neuromuscular blockade with pancuronium and its antagonism was evaluated in 33 critically ill infants. The evoked contraction of the adductor pollicis from indirect stimulation of the ulnar nerve was measured. The neuromuscular blockade recovered spontaneously from pancuronium in seven infants, 23 required one or more doses of atropine 0.02 ng kg-1 and neostigmine 0.06 mgkg-1. In three infants ...

It has been proposed that there is an "apparent monosynaptic" connection between gastric vagal afferent nerve terminals and inhibitory projection neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and that two efferent parallel pathways from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) influence peripheral organs associated with these reflexes (6). The purpose of our study was to verify the validit...