OBJECTIVE Autism results from developmental factors that affect many or all functional brain systems. Brain is one of tissues which are crucially in need of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Autism is noticeably affected by mitochondrial dysfunction which impairs energy metabolism. Considering mutations within ATPase 6, ATPase 8 and tRNA(Lys) genes, associated with different neural diseases, and th...

the present study was conducted to find the effect of three heavy metals, ag, hg and pb on the expression level of a gene encoding plasma membrane h+-atpase in aeluropus littoralis. the experiment was laid out in a completely random design with three replications. the expression of the main gene was normalized to the expression of the housekeeping gene actin. two 259 and 187 bp fragments were a...

The rapid activation of gill Na(+),K(+)-ATPase was analyzed in the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) transferred from low salinity (0.1 ppt) to high salinity (25-35 ppt). In parr and presmolt, Salmo salar gill Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity started to increase 3 days after transfer. Exposure of Fundulus heteroclitus to 35 ppt seawater (SW) induced a rise in gill Na...

Na-K-ATPase protein is critical for maintaining cellular ion gradients and volume and for transepithelial ion transport in kidney and lung. Thyroid hormone, 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), given for 2 days to adult rats, increases alveolar fluid resorption by 65%, but the mechanism is undefined. We tested the hypothesis that T3 stimulates Na-K-ATPase in adult rat alveolar epithelial cells (AEC...

The effects of ischemia on the canine myocardial (Na+ + K+)-ATPase complex were examined in terms of alterations in cardiac glycoside binding and enzymatic activity. Ability of the myocardial cell to bind tritiated ouabain in vivo was assessed after 1, 2, and 6 h of coronary occlusion followed by 45 min of reperfusion, and correlated with measurements of in vitro (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity and ...

The potential roles of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in seawater (SW) acclimation of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were examined. Compared to controls, fish in 12 ppt seawater given one or three injections (2-6 days) of GH (ovine, 0.2 microgram.g-1) or IGF-I (recombinant bovine, 0.05-0.2 microgram.g-1) had significantly greater salinity tolerance as judge...

Membrane-rich vesicle preparations of rabbit and bovine lenses were prepared in such a manner as to preserve ATPase activity. The lipid:protein ratio of these preparations was increased 22- to 33-fold with a 94% recovery of total phospholipid. Using this preparation, calcium stimulated ATPase was routinely determined in both individual lenses and in pooled specimens. The pattern of stimulation ...

The dynein motor protein complex is required for retrograde transport of vesicular cargo and for transport of aggregated proteins along microtubules for processing and degradation at perinuclear aggresomes. Disruption of this process leads to dysfunctional endosome accumulation and increased protein aggregation in the cell cytoplasm, both pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases. How...

The efficient clearance of cytotoxic misfolded protein aggregates is critical for cell survival. Misfolded protein aggregates are transported and removed from the cytoplasm by dynein motors via the microtubule network to a novel organelle termed the aggresome where they are processed. However, the means by which dynein motors recognize misfolded protein cargo, and the cellular factors that regu...