the reaction of ch₃nh₂ with o₂ on the singlet potential energy surfaces (pes) was carried out using the b3lyp, ccsd(t) and g3b3 theoretical approaches along with 6-311++g(3df,3pd) basis set. the suggested mechanism for the title reaction consists of one pre-reactive complex. from the pre-reactive complex, nine types of products, ch2nh+h2o2, ch3nh+ooh, nh2cho+h2o, ch2nho+h2o, nh3+hcooh, ch2nh+h2...

The ability to use ambient air as a carrier and reagent gas in an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source allows instantaneous air analysis to be combined with hypersensitivity toward a wide variety of compounds. The TAGA (Trace Atmospheric Gas Analyser) is an instrument which is designed to use both positive and negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) for trace gas ana...

In the context of international efforts to reduce the impacts of atmospheric NH3 and NH4+ (collectively, NHx). it is important to establish the link between NH3 emissions and monitoring of NHx concentrations and deposition. This is equally relevant to situations where NH3 emissions changes are certain (e.g. due to changed source sector activity), as to cases where NH3 abatement technologies hav...

We present an approach for easily removing the effects of haze from passively acquired images. Our approach is based on the fact that usually the natural illuminating light scattered by atmospheric particles (airlight) is partially polarized. Optical filtering alone cannot remove the haze effects, except in restricted situations. Our method, however, stems from physics-based analysis that works...

The basic theory of internal solitary waves is reviewed, with the main emphasis on applications to the many observations of such waves in shallow coastal seas, fjords, lakes and in the atmospheric boundary layer. Commencing with the equations of motion for an inviscid, incompressible density-stratified fluid, we describe asymptotic reductions to model long-wave equations, including the well-kno...

Geostationary satellites provide revisiting times that are desirable for nowcasting and observations of severe weather. To overcome the problem of spatial resolution from a geostationary orbit, millimeter to submillimeter wave sounders have been suggested. This study compares the capabilities of various oxygen and water vapor millimeter and submillimeter bands for temperature and water vapor at...

The NTU/ Purdue nonhydrostatic numerical model has been developed over the last 6 years to predict atmospheric motions and conditions for both the mesoscale (200 m to 200 km) and large scale turbulence scale (20 m to 200 m). It is a fully explicit, compressible three-dimensional code and has compared quite to a wide variety of known analytical solution or observed situations including the Bould...

This review deals with the latest developments in dendroclimatology focused on climate reconstruction. It presents results from research carried out during the period 1992–2001, when both the geographical and chronological extension of tree-ring data were greatly improved. Research projects are presently being carried out in nearly all the main forest land areas of the Subarctic and Subantarcti...

The inverse ocean color problem, i.e., the retrieval of marine reflectance from top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, is examined in a Bayesian context. The solution is expressed as a probability distribution that measures the likelihood of encountering specific values of the marine reflectance given the observed TOA reflectance. This conditional distribution, the posterior distribution, allows ...