Introduction The systemic inflammatory nature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is well patent not only in the diverse clinical manifestations of the disease but also in the increased risk of premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events (CVE), making SLE one of the most complex diseases to study and manage in clinical practice. Aim To travel from old aspects to modern insights on t...

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease, with the process of narrowing and hardening of arteries and accumulation of plaques. Normally, atherosclerosis is related with other cardiovascular disease such as peripheral vascular disease, heart attack, and stroke. Aninflammation plays a key role in the progression and development of atherosclerosis. Majorly dead cells and oxidized form of low density l...

The emergence of new COVID-19 infection aggravated the existing issues and gave rise to challenges associated with impact viruses on atherosclerotic process development cardiovascular complications. Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease its progression largely determined by dyslipidemia chronic low-grade systemic vascular inflammation. There are number known be involved in maintaining inf...

Increased global mortality is associated with atherosclerosis, which appears to be independent of race. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in Japan. Atherosclerosis, an inflammatory disease characterized by abnormal lipid accumulation and inflammation in the arterial wall, is the main underlying cause of cardiovascular disease. Numerous cardiovascular...

Background Periodontitis is a high prevalence disease, affecting up to 80% of the world's population. Recently studies have shown connection between periodontal disease and cardiovascular as oxidative stress plays an important role in chronic inflammatory diseases such disease. Nuclear factor erythroid 2 - related (Nrf2) core transcriptional regulator endogenous antioxidant system cellular defe...

The increased burden of cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus has recently become the focus of intense investigation. Proatherogenic risk factors and dysregulated inflammation are the main culprits, leading to enhanced atherosclerosis in subgroups of patients with inflammatory diseases. Common molecular pathways shared by atherosclerosis a...

Background and Aims : Cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide, is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, which characterized lipid inflammatory cell accumulation in blood vessels carotid intima thickening, among others. Although disease management has improved significantly, new therapeutic strategies focused on accelerating atherosclerosis regression must be developed. A...