In liberalized telecommunications markets, the incumbent typically enjoys several advantages over any entrant. Regulation in such asymmetric markets is successful if retail prices are low and the entrant’s pro...ts are high so that entry is encouraged. I show that asymmetric access price regulation with a cost-based access price for the incumbent and an access markup for the entrant is more suc...

Asymmetric epoxidation of various styrenes using carbocyclic oxazolidinone-containing ketone 3 has been investigated. High enantioselectivity (89-93% enantiomeric excess) has been attained for this challenging class of alkenes. Mechanistic studies show that substituents on the ketone catalyst can have electronic influences on secondary orbital interactions, which affects the competition between...

Three basic helix-loop-helix proteins regulate sequential steps in the formation of stomata: SPEECHLESS initiates entry into the stomatal lineage; MUTE controls asymmetric divisions of stomatal precursor cells; and FAMA promotes guard cell differentiation.