BACKGROUND A 2005 survey reported 87% of surgery program directors believed practice management training should occur during residency. However, only 8% of program directors believed residents received adequate training in practice management [1]. In addition to the gap in practice financial management knowledge, we recognized the need for training in personal finance among residents. A literat...

This study provides a sociological commentary on the current debates within health technology assessment (HTA), specifically in response to the approaches taken in France, The Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. It argues that HTA is part of a wider reflexive innovation system that seeks to order current and prospective technologies. The study discusses the socio-political process of H...

one of the main objectives of quantitative researches is assessment of models developed by qualitative studies. models validation through their testing implies that the designed model is representative of the existed facts. hence, this study was conducted to assess the clinical nurses' productivity model presented for iranian nurses' productivity. the sample of the study consisted of 360 nurses...

introducrion: self and peer a ssessment provides important information about the individual’s performance and behavior in all aspects of their professional environment work. the aim of this study is to evaluate the professional behavior and performance in medical students in the form of team based assessment. methods: in a cross-sectional study, 100 medical students in the 7th year of education...

introduction: objective structured clinical examination (osce) is one of the most appropriate methods for assessment of clinical skills.validity and reliability assurance is a mandatory factor for any assessment tool. in shiraz university of medical sciences, medical students’ clinical competences are evaluated by a pre-internship osce. this study is designed to examine the validity and reliabi...

introduction: research on medical students shows that adopting self-regulation of effort, time, and study strategies can positively influence academic achievement. the purpose of the current study was to assess learning and study strategies in medical students. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out in 2014-2015 at isfahan university of medical sciences. the sample size was determi...

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abstract controversy has not been yet resolved among l2 researchers as how to enhance higher-order thinking skills (hotss) in efl contexts. responding to the growing need to foster thinking skills, many l2 educators have recently attempted to investigate the effect of diverse teaching strategies on hots. yet, few studies have focused on the infusion of gardner’s (1999) theory of multiple intell...

infrastructure development often leads to considerable changes in the land use. these changes are major causes of habitat fragmentation and ecosystem loss. moreover, decrease of the environmental impacts on biodiversity is among the most important objectives of sustainable development. for this purpose, environmental impact assessment (eia) along with the other appropriate tools can be applied ...

originating from vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, dynamic assessment (da) proposes a novel approach to second language acquisition (sla) research according to which a dialectical relationship is envisaged between instruction and assessment. although da has been applied to some areas of sla, there are areas, such as interlanguage pragmatics (ilp), that have been neglected.  to address the issue,...