BACKGROUND Generalized screening for carotid artery stenosis with carotid duplex ultrasonography in patients with peripheral arterial disease is controversial. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of significant internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis in a group of Iranian patients with peripheral arterial disease. METHODS We prospectively screened 120 pati...

The delayed upstroke of the arterial pulse in valvular aortic stenosis has been attributed, in part, to prolonged left ventricular emptying. Left ventricular emptying rate, however, has not been measured in aortic stenosis. We assessed the rate of left ventricular emptying by computer analysis of biplane cineangiograms in seven normal subjects, six patients with mild to moderate aortic stenosis...

Mechanisms underlying brain arterial remodeling are uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that arterial size and location are important determinants of arterial characteristics. We collected large and penetrating brain arteries from cadavers with and without HIV. Morphometric characterization was obtained from digital images using color-based thresholding. The association of arterial size and loc...

To evaluate the value of angiographic factors in predicting failure of both venous and arterial coronary artery bypass graft. We retrieved from our angiographic database 148 patients who underwent venous and/or arterial CABG and for whom a control coronary angiography at more than 1 month after surgery was available. Pre-CABG and follow-up angiographies were analyzed in order to evaluate diamet...

This study tested the hypothesis that myocardial tissue acidosis is responsible for maintenance of reduced arteriolar tone distal to a severe coronary arterial stenosis. Domestic swine (n=10) were instrumented with a coronary arterial stenosis that reduced vessel diameter 80%. Measurements of hemodynamic indexes were made 1) before stenosis, 2) at 5, 20, and 60 minutes after stenosis placement,...

Recent studies have investigated the detection of significant arterial stenoses through identification of the "pulsus tardus" phenomenon in Doppler waveforms obtained distal to the stenosis. The etiology of this phenomenon, however, has not yet been determined. Using an in vitro model based upon an electrical circuit analogy, the authors had as their objective to determine whether the complianc...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of the initial arterial study as a predictor of 90-day mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS A total of 1220 unselected patients assessed during the first 24 hours after stroke onset were prospectively studied. Initial stroke severity was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale a...

Different arterial wall properties can significantly increase the risk of blood turbulent fluxes leading to complications such as atherosclerosis. Since the mechanical properties of arterial vessels are influenced by age, we investigated, in a retrospective study, the effects on renal artery stenosis of an age difference >15 years between donor and recipient in a cohort of 164 patients undergoi...

The purpose of this study was to determine the coronary microvascular sites of autoregulation. The epimyocardial coronary microcirculation was observed through an intravital microscope by stroboscopic epi-illumination in anesthetized open-chest dogs (n = 20). Aortic pressure and heart rate were held constant by an aortic snare and atrial pacing, respectively. Distal pressure of the left anterio...

Arterial stenosis is known to be one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases. Angiographical estimation of arterial stenosis provides limited information on the severity of the occlusion and the flow of blood through it. Hemodynamical assessment of the flow and pressure behaviour, is known to be clinically important. Hemodynamically based parameters, such as pressure based myocardial fracti...