PURPOSE The aim of the study was to determine whether flupirtine can counteract the induction of apoptosis in cultured retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. METHODS Confluent cultures were subjected to experimental ischemia (medium free of serum, glucose, and oxygen) with or without various substances for specific periods. The cells were then examined for breakdown of DNA by the TUNEL proce...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether memantine as a treatment for glaucoma prevents neuron shrinkage in the lateral geniculate nucleus, the major target for retinal ganglion cells. METHODS Sixteen monkeys with right-eye unilateral experimental glaucoma for 14 months were studied and treated with memantine (n = 9) or vehicle only (n = 7). Left lateral geniculate nucleus relay neurons (layers 1, 4, a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite side effects including N-methyl-d-aspartate-mediated neurotoxicity, recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) remains the only approved acute treatment for ischemic stroke. Memantine, used for treatment of Alzheimer disease, is an antagonist for N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors. We investigated whether memantine could be used as a neuroprotective adjunct ...

Memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantan) was tested as an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors on cultured superior collicular and hippocampal neurones using the patch clamp technique and its actions were compared to those of Mg2+ ions, ketamine, dextrorphan, dextromethorphan, phencyclidine and dizocilpine (MK-801). Memantine (2-33 microM) concentration-dependently antagonized r...

Memantine is a low to moderate affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist. The effects of memantine in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been studied in 7 randomized controlled trials in many post-hoc analyses. Three out of four RCTs in patients with moderate to severe AD (Mini Mental State Examination [MMSE] <14) showed a statistically significant but clinically small positive effec...

Objective of the Paper: To describe modern approaches to diagnosis and management moderate cognitive disorders (MCD). Key Points. MCD is a transition between normal characteristics functions dementia. Prevalence extremely high; with improper management, condition can develop Currently there are no generally accepted recommendations on medications. We have used an example patient demonstrate def...

Objective This study was performed to assess the efficacy of memantine in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods Thirty healthy controls and 45 patients diagnosed with aMCI based on the Petersen criteria were classified into 3 groups. Group 1 comprised patients who received a single memantine dose following examination (n = 25), Group 2 comprised patients who did not r...

OBJECTIVE Autophagy is one of the key responses of cells to programmed cell death. Memantine, an approved anti-dementia drug, has an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells but the mechanism is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to test the possibility of induction of autophagic cell death by memantine in glioma cell lines. METHODS Glioma cell lines (T-98 G and U-251 MG) wer...

BACKGROUND Memantine and cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) have distinct pharmacological actions, and interest in the use of combination therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasing. OBJECTIVE To assess the available data on the use of memantine-ChEI combination and to develop evidence-based recommendations. METHOD A systematic literature review with detailed discussion of the current ...