let $r$ be a commutative ring. in this paper, by using algebraic properties of $r$, we study the hase digraph of prime ideals of $r$.

It is well known that the real spectrum of any commutative unital ring, and ℓ-spectrum Abelian lattice-ordered group with order-unit, are all completely normal spectral spaces. We complete existing list containments non-containments between associated spaces their subspaces, by proving following results: (1) Every can be embedded, as a subspace, into some ℓ-spectrum. (2) Not every an (3) A subs...

We define a new type of spectrum, called δ-approximate spectrum, of an element a in a complex unital Banach algebra A and show that the δ-approximate spectrum σ_δ (a) of a is compact. The relation between the δ-approximate spectrum and the usual spectrum is investigated. Also an analogue of the classical Gleason-Kahane-Zelazko theorem is established: For each ε>0, there is δ>0 such that if ϕ is...

Cognitive radio (CR) technology has been suggested for effective use of spectral resources. Spectrum sensing is one of the main operations of CR users to identify the vacant frequency bands. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is used to increase the performance of CR networks by providing spatial diversity. The accuracy of spectrum sensing is the most important challenge in the CSS process sinc...

objective: the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of transdiagnostic treatments on worry and rumination of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (asd).  methods: the study population included all mothers of children with asd in isfahan city. among mothers of children with asd, 40 individuals were selected from those who obtained the highest scores in worry and rum...

let $r$ be an associative ring and let $m$ be a left $r$-module.let $spec_{r}(m)$ be the collection of all prime submodules of $m$ (equipped with classical zariski topology). there is a conjecture which says that every irreducible closed subset of $spec_{r}(m)$ has a generic point. in this article we give an affirmative answer to this conjecture and show that if $m$ has a noetherian spectrum, t...

introduction: language impairment is a primary characteristic of children with autism spectrum disorder (asd). however, findings of language deficits in these children have been inconclusive, and many researchers believe that in such children the pattern of language profiles is different from normal children. to determine this pattern, comprehension and expression of syntax were examined in 10 ...