Avoidance of unnecessary antimicrobial administration is a key point stewardship; knowing the optimal duration therapy obviates over-treatment. In this article we have highlighted results modern research on influence antibiotic use success treatment and development resistance microorganisms. Foreign literary sources scientific by experts in field are analyzed. Based results, following conclusio...

Patients with moderate to severe infections are given less than maximum empirical antibiotic treatment in order to reduce the rise in resistance. This practice involves two ethical dilemmas: whether the danger to a present patient should be increased (even if by a small degree) to benefit future, unidentified patients; and whether this should be done without the consent of the patient, disregar...

The management of nosocomial pneumonia has been an object of intensive investigation during the previous two decades. Up to now some important aspects have been clarified. Firstly the recognition that early and late onset pneumonia represent two separate entities with important differences in epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis has been established. Secondly, the role of antibiotics has b...

Background: The management of neonatal sepsis especially in developing countries is problematic.  There is no single reliable marker of infection available at the present.  C-reactive protein (CRP) has long been used as a marker of infection. Serial measurements of CRP are recommended as a guide for duration of antibiotic therapy. Objective: To evaluate the serial CRP measurement as a guideline...

conclusions: the combination of plasmid profiling and php techniques revealed the presence of diverse population of vre in sewage treatment plant in tehran. furthermore, the results showed that the php technique is a reliable method in determining the vre clonal diversity. results: all isolates were found to be resistant to erythromycin, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin. the pcr analyses showed tha...

the empiric antibiotic therapy can result in antibiotic overuse, development of bacterial resistance and increasing costs in critically ill patients. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of procalcitonin (pct) guide treatment on antibiotic use and clinical outcomes of patients admitted to intensive care unit (icu) with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (sirs).  a total ...

Background: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been an important cause of bone infection since the 1940s. Current guidelines recommend targeted antibiotic use for osteomyelitis treatment informed by microbial sensitivity patterns. However, in settings without microbiology facilities, empirical antibiotic use is common. Unrecognized antibiotic resistance potentiates persisten...