In this study, we focused on the neuro-behavioral profile, toxicity, and ‎possible mechanisms of action of ‎ Dorema ammoniacum gum essential oil (DAG-EO). For this purpose, passive avoidance and Y-maze tests were performed to evaluate the potential effect ‎of DAG-EO in the attenuation of memory impairment induced by 49 days administration of D-‎galactose and acute injection of scopolam...

Pain is sensed by the activation of painful nociceptors in periphery or pain mediators, such as bradykinin, serotonin, histamine, and prostaglandin, released from damaged tissue, afferent transmission to medulla spinalis, transmission stages high centers over dorsal horn. Pain, which was seen only a warning sign past, now accepted phenomenon itself that needs be treated search for new, stronge...

Background: Thiamine (VitB1) is a vitamin with various important physiological functions and postulated therapeutic effects.  Its use as an analgesic in neuropathic pain has been undergoing in clinical settings. However, there has been little experimental investigation on this effect. In this study, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of thiamine were investigated in mice. Methods: T...

Fruits of Olea europaea L. have been used for centuries in folk medicine to treat many inflammatory diseases. In order to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activities of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of defatted fruits of O. europaea, formalin test was used and for evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects of the extract, the volume of paw edema was measured. The results revealed that both extr...

Pain is both a sensory event of the peripheral and central nervous systems and an experience that arises from, and reciprocally can affect processes of higher consciousness. Alterations in peripheral and central neuraxes can lead to sensitization, structural modification and long-term potentiation that can overcome modulatory influence(s) and change the non-linear adaptability of these systems ...

The aim of this study, evaluate the nociceptive effect adalimumab, a TNF-alpha inhibitor, on formalin-induced inflammatory pain in mice. antinociceptive activity adalimumab was determined adult male BALB-C mice (6 each group) by model and hot plate test applied. Diclofenac, which we used as positive control, showed anti-nociceptive both phases formalin test. at thirtieth minute statistically si...

Bee venom (BV) has traditionally been used in Oriental medicine to relieve pain and to treat in ̄ammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While several investigators have evaluated the anti-in ̄ammatory effect of BV treatment, the anti-nociceptive effect of BV treatment on in ̄ammatory pain has not been examined. Previous studies in experimental animals suggest that the therapeutic eff...

In this study, we focused on the neuro-behavioral profile, toxicity, and ‎possible mechanisms of action of ‎ Dorema ammoniacum gum essential oil (DAG-EO). For this purpose, passive avoidance and Y-maze tests were performed to evaluate the potential effect ‎of DAG-EO in the attenuation of memory impairment induced by 49 days administration of D-‎galactose and acute injection of scopolam...