India, the leading supplier of low-cost generic drugs to Africa, has begun fi ghting back to counter the confusion surrounding counterfeit drugs in the region. A raft of new and proposed anti-counterfeit laws could potentially deprive Africa of aff ordable, essential medicines. The immediate cause of concern is Kenya’s Anti-Counterfeit Act 2008, which came into eff ect in July, 2009. The new la...

Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired syndrome (HIV/AIDS) constitutes a source of great concern to health authorities worldwide. Herbal medicinal products are used as significant treatment option for highly active antiretroviral therapies, the efficacies which negatively impacted by emergence multidrug-resistant strains recommended guidelines. This review provides an updated synopsis available ...

HIV infection is no longer characterized by high morbidity, rapid progression to AIDS, and death as when the infection was first identified. While anti-retroviral drugs have improved the outcome of AIDS patients, clinical research on the appropriate time to initiate therapy continues to evolve. Optimal therapy initiation would maximize the benefits of these drugs, while minimizing side effects ...

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has now been established as the causative agent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for over 20 years. During this time an unprecedented success has been achieved in discovering anti-HIV drugs as reflected by the fact that there are now more drugs approved for the treatment of HIV than for all other viral infections taken together. The current...

With the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) recent approval of two protease inhibitors, there are now eight anti-HIV drugs on the market, compared to only four last year. Viral load testing may help doctors make sense of therapeutic options, which frequently involve combination therapy. A survey of several leading AIDS treatment clinicians from North America, Europe and Australia shows a wide...

An essential step in the life cycle of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is integration of the double-stranded retroviral DNA into the genome of the host cell. HIV-1 integrase, the enzyme that inserts the vital DNA into the host chromosome, is an attractive and rational target for anti-AIDS drug design because it is essential for HIV replication and there are no known counterparts in ...

Nobody would have mistaken the international conference on hepatitis C, held last month at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), for an international conference on AIDS. For the past decade, international AIDS meetings have attracted roughly 10,000 researchers; only 775 scientists attended the 4-day hepatitis C meeting.* While drug companies working on anti-HIV drugs jam the exhibit halls at...

HIV and AIDS is one of the biggest challenges all over the world. There are an approximately 34 million people living with the virus, and a large number of them become infected each year. Although there are some antiviral drugs for HIV viral load reduction, they are not sufficient. There is no cure for AIDS. Nowadays natural resistance or immunity has absorbed attentions. Because in some HIV po...