Autotrophic ammonia oxidation occurs in acid soils, even though laboratory cultures of isolated ammonia oxidizing bacteria fail to grow below neutral pH. To investigate whether archaea possessing ammonia monooxygenase genes were responsible for autotrophic nitrification in acid soils, the community structure and phylogeny of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea were determined across a soil p...

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Assessing the effects of pesticide hazards on microbiological processes in the soil is currently based on analyses that provide limited insight into the ongoing processes. This study proposes a more comprehensive approach. The side effects of pesticides may appear as changes in the expression of specific microbial genes or as changes in diversity. To assess the impact of ...

Introduction: Although the results of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are well documented in many studies, with good to excellent outcomes in most cases, some issues like tunnel positioning are still discussed and studied. Objective: To compare the objective and subjective clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction using the transtibial and anteromedial portal techniques. Methods: ...

PURPOSE To develop and evaluate an anatomic reconstruction procedure of the posterolateral and anteromedial bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). TYPE OF STUDY Anatomic study and case series. METHODS The femoral attachment of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ACL was anatomically analyzed with 5 cadaveric knees. Using another 3 cadaveric knees, anatomic reconstru...

Injection or aspiration of the ankle may be performed through either an anteromedial or an anterolateral approach for diagnostic or therapeutic reasons. We evaluated the success of an intra-articular puncture in relation to its site in 76 ankles from 38 cadavers. Two orthopaedic surgical trainees each injected methylene blue dye into 18 of 38 ankles through an anterolateral approach and into 20...

We read the article “Anatomical ACL reconstruction with double bundle: first 40 cases” by Zekcer A. et al [Rev Bras Ortop 2011;46(3): 262-5] with great interest and would like to make some comments on what was reported in that paper. The authors drilled an anteromedial femoral tunnel with the knee flexed at 90°. At this degree of flexion, the tunnel is significantly shorter than it is at flexio...

The goal of this study was to determine the impact of physiological growth states (batch exponential and batch stationary growth) and growth modes (substrate-limited chemostat, substrate-sufficient exponential batch, and substrate-depleted stationary batch growth) on several measures of growth and responses to Cd(II)-mediated inhibition of Nitrosomonas europaea strain 19718. The specific oxygen...